Comparison of cardiac effects of enflurane, isoflurane, and halothane in the dog heart-lung preparation

Seifen, Ernst; Seifen, Astride B.; Kennedy, Richard H.; Bushman, Gerald A.; Loss, George E.; Williams, T. G.

doi:10.1016/0888-6296(87)90041-x

Cited by 19 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…However, IM pimobendan might be another simple and safe route for cases in which the heart failure is complicated by other factors such as hemoptysis, and when the condition is expected to worsen due to stress—caused, for example, by retention to secure a venous route—and in cases of cardiogenic shock associated with difficulty in securing a venous route. In the current study, anesthesia resulted in some hemodynamic changes as previously reported ( 46 – 50 ), however, our results provided clear evidence for the usefulness of IM pimobendan the same as observed by IV pimobendane to enhance the heart function in healthy dogs.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…Moreover, we elected to conduct the study under anesthesia to avoid any fluctuation in cardiac measurements during the handling of animals as previously described ( 22 , 23 ). However, the isoflurane used in the present study has a dose-dependent antihypertensive effect associated with vasodilation and negative inotropic effects as previously reported ( 46 – 49 ); additionally, isoflurane has been reported to increase the HR and LAP and decrease myocardial contractility ( 50 ). This can diminish the effect of pimobendan even though the hemodynamic effect of injectable pimobendan in our study was clear.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

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Hemodynamic effect of pimobendan following intramuscular and intravenous administration in healthy dogs: A pilot study

et al. 2022

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BackgroundPimobendan is widely used for the treatment of dogs with heart failure via the oral route. A new injectable form of pimobendan is now available and its potential usefulness via intravenous route has been recently demonstrated in dogs. However, the cardiovascular effects of intramuscular (IM) administration of injectable pimobendan have not been investigated yet.HypothesisIM administration of pimobendan may have the same hemodynamic effect as the IV route.MethodsSix healthy Beagle dogs underwent a placebo-controlled double-blind crossover study. The early cardiovascular effects after a single dose of IM and IV injections of pimobendan (0.2 ml/kg; Pimo IM and Pimo IV, respectively) were compared to the same volume of IM placebo (Saline IM) in anesthetized dogs. Clinical [heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP)] and echocardiographic hemodynamic parameters [left ventricular (LV) inflow waveforms of diastolic early wave (eV), atrial systolic wave (aV), diastolic early mitral ring velocity (e′), peak velocity (pV), stroke volume (SV), cardiac output (CO), and systemic vascular resistance (SVR)] were monitored with 15 min intervals for 120 min.ResultsDiastolic BP decreased significantly at 30 min in Pimo IM compared to Saline IM. Mean eV and CO values significantly increased from 75 min, e′ from 60 min, pV from 75 min, and SV from 15 to 120 min, whereas SVR significantly decreased at 30–60 min in Pimo IM compared to those of Saline IM (P < 0.05). Compared with the Pimo IV, eV and pV were significantly lower at 30–60 min (P < 0.05) while SV was significantly higher at 90–105 min in Pimo IM (P < 0.05). Other hemodynamic parameters (BP, HR, SVR, CO, e′, and E/e′) did not significantly change between Pimo IM and IV.ConclusionsThe hemodynamic effect of pimobendan following IM and IV injection was described. Our results suggested that IM administration of pimobendan is equally comparable and possibly interchangeable with IV administration. This warrant further studies to investigate the clinical effectiveness of IM pimobendan in treating dogs with congestive heart failure or in heart failure cases unable to receive IV or oral administration.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Hemodynamic effect of pimobendan following intramuscular and intravenous administration in healthy dogs: A pilot study

et al. 2022

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“…The Windkessel model provides a dynamic relation between aortic volumetric flow and aortic pressure, that matches observations well [14]. It is therefore not surprising that research prototypes of artificial dynamic afterloads (adjustable arterial tree models) to be used in functional ex vivo evaluation of donor hearts [9], [10], [15]- [17], have been constructed to emulate the dynamics of the Windkessel model.…”

Section: B Power Input Windkesselmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…Returning to the spline fitting problem, the C 2 conditions can be encoded into a linear equation system = 3 (15) in the knot values = and knot second derivatives = 2 , each defined for = 1, . .…”

Section: A Smoothing Cubic Splinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The differential-algebraic Windkessel model with power as input

Pigot

Soltesz

2022

2022 American Control Conference (ACC)

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The lack of methods to evaluate mechanical function of donated hearts in the context of transplantation imposes large precautionary margins, translating into a low utilization rate of donor organs. This has spawned research into cyberphysical models constituting artificial afterloads (arterial trees), that can serve to evaluate the contractile capacity of the donor heart. The Windkessel model is an established linear time-invariant afterload model, that researchers committed to creating a cyber-physical afterload have used as a template. With aortic volumetric flow as input and aortic pressure as output, it is not directly obvious how a Windkessel model will respond to changes in heart contractility. We transform the classic Windkessel model to relate power, rather than flow, to pressure. This alters the model into a differential-algebraic equation, albeit one that is straightforward to simulate. We then propose a power signal model, that is based on pressure and flow measurements and optimal in a Bayesian sense within the class of C2 signals. Finally, we show how the proposed signal model can be used to create relevant simulation scenarios, and use this to illustrate why it is problematic to use the Windkessel model as a basis for designing a clinically relevant artificial afterload.

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Safety of Intravenous and Inhalation Anesthetics

Vogel¹

2006

Drug Discovery and Evaluation

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Comparison of cardiac effects of enflurane, isoflurane, and halothane in the dog heart-lung preparation

Cited by 19 publications

References 18 publications

Hemodynamic effect of pimobendan following intramuscular and intravenous administration in healthy dogs: A pilot study

Hemodynamic effect of pimobendan following intramuscular and intravenous administration in healthy dogs: A pilot study

The differential-algebraic Windkessel model with power as input

Safety of Intravenous and Inhalation Anesthetics

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