“…Skin protection against atopic dermatitis Jang et al, 2011 Protection of neurons against insults a Rosmarinic acid is a promising neuroprotective compound of potential use at the nutritional/ pharmaceutical interface Treatment of retinopathy Kim et al, 2009 Inhibition of TNF-α-induced ROS generation and NF-κB activation and activation of TNF-α-induced apoptosis a Ito et al, 1998 Hydroxyl radical scavenging (activity: rabdosiin > RA = Therapeutic agent for treatment of allergy ascorbic acid > caffeic acid) a Dose-dependent inhibition of excessive hyaluronidase activity (rabdosiin > RA > caffeic acid) a Inhibition of hexosaminidase release from RBL-2H3 cells (rabdosiin = caffeic acid > RA) a Anti-HIV activity a Inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus Kashiwada et al, 1995 Inhibition of HIV-1 integrase and DNA topoisomerase (activity: rabdosiin > RA) a Tewtrakul et al, 2003;Abd-Elazem et al, 2002 Anti-glomerulonephritic activity in rats with induced Masugi-nephritis (in combination with RA) b Treatment of acute forms of renal pathology Inyushkina et al, 2007;Bryukhanov et al, 2008 Lithospermic acid B (salvianolic acid B) Alleviation of symptoms connected with renal pathology a,b,c Treatment of diabetic nephropathy and microalbuminuria Li et al, 2001;Kang et al, 2008;Luo et al, 2008;Yao et al, 2009 Cardioprotective effect and improvement of myocardial microcirculation b Promising for treatment of diseases connected with microcirculatory injuries He et al, 2008 Protection of cerebral microvascular endothelial cells against H 2 O 2 -induced apoptosis a Liu et al, 2007 Anti-atherosclerotic effect b Hur et al, 2008 Protection of human endothelial cells from oxidative stress-induced damage a Wu et al, 2009 Anticancer activity associated with the prevention and treatment of head and neck squamous-cell carcinoma a,b (Paluszczak et al, 2010). RA was found to inhibit the migration of MDA-MB-231BO human bone-homing breast cancer cells and inhibited bone metastasis from breast carcinomas, mainly via the receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL)/RANK/osteoprotegerin pathway, and by simultaneously suppressing the expression of interleukin-8 .…”