Comparison of Cell Wall Polysaccharide Composition and Structure Between Strains of Sporothrix schenckii and Sporothrix brasiliensis

Villalobos-Duno, Héctor; Barreto, Laura; Álvarez-Aular, Álvaro; Mora-Montes, Héctor M.; Lozoya-Pérez, Nancy E; Franco, Bernardo; Lópes-Bezerra, Leila M.; Niño-Vega, Gustavo

doi:10.3389/fmicb.2021.726958

Cited by 16 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 40 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The S. schenckii cell wall is composed of chitin in the innermost layer, followed by β-(1,3)and β-(1,4)-glucans, and glycoproteins at the outermost layer [14][15][16][17][18]. Among the cell wall glycoproteins, a complex named peptidorhamnomannan (PRM) was identified, and it was established that the peptide core is modified with rhamnose (33.5%), mannose (57%), and galactose (1%) [14,15,19,20], which were isolated from the yeast-like cells and culture medium [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…and Pseudallescheria boydii; in the latter, it was also found as part of PRM [17,29]. In S. schenckii, it was recently shown that cell wall rhamnose content correlates with virulence [18,30], and the absence of this monosaccharide affects cell wall composition and organization and interaction with innate immune cells in a TLR4-dependent mechanism [30]. On the other hand, it was proposed that PRM is recognized by cytokine modulated Ca 2+ -dependent cell adhesion molecules [31].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The Heat Shock Protein 60 and Pap1 Participate in the Sporothrix schenckii-Host Interaction

García-Carnero

Salinas-Marín

Lozoya-Pérez

et al. 2021

JoF

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Sporothrixschenckii is one of the etiological agents of sporotrichosis, a worldwide-distributed subcutaneous mycosis. Its cell wall contains a glycoconjugate composed of rhamnose, mannose, glucuronic acid, and proteins, named peptidorhamnomannan, which harbors important Sporothrix-specific immunogenic epitopes. Although the peptidorhamnomannan carbohydrate moiety has been extensively studied, thus far, little is known about the protein core. Here, using LC-MS/MS, we analyzed the S.schenckii peptidorhamnomannan peptide fraction and generated mass signals of 325 proteins, most of them likely to be moonlighting proteins. Among the identified proteins, chaperonin GroEL/Hsp60 and the uncharacterized protein Pap1 were selected for further analysis. Both proteins were heterologously expressed in bacteria, and they showed adhesive properties to the extracellular matrix proteins laminin, elastin, fibrinogen, and fibronectin, although Pap1 also was bound to type-I and type-II collagen. The inoculation of concentrations higher than 40 μg of these proteins, separately, increased immune effectors in the hemolymph of Galleriamellonella larvae and protected animals from an S.schenckii lethal challenge. These observations were confirmed when yeast-like cells, pre-incubated with anti-rHsp60 or anti-rPap1 antibodies were used to inoculate larvae. The animals inoculated with pretreated cells showed increased survival rates when compared to the control groups. In conclusion, we report that Hsp60 and Pap1 are part of the cell wall peptidorhamnomannan, can bind extracellular matrix components, and contribute to the S.schenckii virulence. To our knowledge, this is the first report about moonlighting protein in the S.schenckii cell wall with an important role during the pathogen–host interaction.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Heat Shock Protein 60 and Pap1 Participate in the Sporothrix schenckii-Host Interaction

García-Carnero

Salinas-Marín

Lozoya-Pérez

et al. 2021

JoF

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The S. schenckii and S. brasiliensis cell walls have been thoroughly studied and it is known that chitin is found in the inner layer, followed by β-1,3- and β-1,6-glucans surrounded by peptidorhamnomannan fibrils in the outer layer. 26 , 37 , 38 The S. globosa cell wall composition is not well studied, but it has been reported that it shows lower rhamnose, mannose, and O - and N -linked glycans content than S. schenckii and S. brasiliensis , but similar levels of glucosamine. 32 Moreover, it was also observed that even when S. globosa was grown under carbon and nitrogen limitation, the cell wall rhamnose, glucose, glucosamine, and mannose content did not change, at a difference of S. schenckii and S. brasiliensis , suggesting species-specific metabolic plasticity.…”

Section: Fundamental Aspects Of Sporothrix Globosamentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological and Clinical Attributes of Sporothrix globosa, a Causative Agent of Sporotrichosis

Nava-Pérez¹,

Neri-García²,

Romero-González³

et al. 2022

IDR

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Sporotrichosis is an important subcutaneous mycosis with high prevalence and threat to human and animal health worldwide. Sporothrix schenckii, Sporothrix brasiliensis , and Sporothrix globosa are the main etiological agents of this disease; and even though many efforts have been made recently to understand the Sporothrix -host interaction, little is known about S. globosa , an underestimated species. This organism shows the lowest virulence among the members of the Sporothrix pathogenic clade and represents an important pathogenic agent due to its global distribution. Here, we offer a review with all the known information about S. globosa , including its genome and proteomic information, and compare it with S. schenckii and S. brasiliensis , to explain the differences observed among these species, in terms of virulence, the host immune response, and the antifungal sensitivity. Also, we provide the gene prediction of some S. globosa putative virulence factors.

show abstract

“…These cell wall changes led to abnormal proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokine stimulation by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells, increased uptake by human monocyte-derived macrophages, and reduced ability to kill the alternative host Galleria mellonella [ 24 ]. Even though the role of rhamnose-containing glycoconjugates has not been addressed in other Sporothrix species, this monosaccharide is found in the cell wall of Sporothrix brasiliensis and Sporothrix globosa [ 10 , 14 , 15 , 27 ], and a correlation between the glucan-rhamnose ration and virulence has been proposed at least for S. schenckii and S. brasiliensis [ 27 ]. This organism is the etiological agent of human and animal sporotrichosis and belongs to a handful of medically relevant fungal species that contain rhamnose at the cell wall [ 10 , 14 , 18 , 26 , 28 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Search for Cryptic L-Rhamnosyltransferases on the Sporothrix schenckii Genome

Mora-Montes

García-Gutiérrez

García-Carnero

et al. 2022

JoF

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The fungal cell wall is an attractive structure to look for new antifungal drug targets and for understanding the host-fungus interaction. Sporothrix schenckii is one of the main causative agents of both human and animal sporotrichosis and currently is the species most studied of the Sporothrix genus. The cell wall of this organism has been previously analyzed, and rhamnoconjugates are signature molecules found on the surface of both mycelia and yeast-like cells. Similar to other reactions where sugars are covalently linked to other sugars, lipids, or proteins, the rhamnosylation process in this organism is expected to involve glycosyltransferases with the ability to transfer rhamnose from a sugar donor to the acceptor molecule, i.e., rhamnosyltransferases. However, no obvious rhamnosyltransferase has thus far been identified within the S. schenckii proteome or genome. Here, using a Hidden Markov Model profile strategy, we found within the S. schenckii genome five putative genes encoding for rhamnosyltransferases. Expression analyses indicated that only two of them, named RHT1 and RHT2, were significantly expressed in yeast-like cells and during interaction with the host. These two genes were heterologously expressed in Escherichia coli, and the purified recombinant proteins showed rhamnosyltransferase activity, dependent on the presence of UDP-rhamnose as a sugar donor. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report about rhamnosyltransferases in S. schenckii.

show abstract

Comparison of Cell Wall Polysaccharide Composition and Structure Between Strains of Sporothrix schenckii and Sporothrix brasiliensis

Cited by 16 publications

References 40 publications

The Heat Shock Protein 60 and Pap1 Participate in the Sporothrix schenckii-Host Interaction

The Heat Shock Protein 60 and Pap1 Participate in the Sporothrix schenckii-Host Interaction

Biological and Clinical Attributes of Sporothrix globosa, a Causative Agent of Sporotrichosis

The Search for Cryptic L-Rhamnosyltransferases on the Sporothrix schenckii Genome

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About