Comparison of Clinical and Radiographic Periodontal Status Between Habitual Water‐Pipe Smokers and Cigarette Smokers

Javed, Fawad; Al‐Kheraif, Abdulaziz A.; Rahman, Irfan; Millan-Luongo, Lorena Teresa; Feng, Changyong; Yunker, Michael; Malmström, Hans; Romanos, Georgios E.

doi:10.1902/jop.2015.150235

Cited by 65 publications

(138 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…This hypothesis was based results from previous clinical studies in which, oral soft tissue inflammation and alveolar bone loss (ABL) around natural teeth and dental implants was shown to be significantly higher among CS compared with NS. 7,16,19,20 Moreover, tobacco smoking increases the AGES-RAGE interactions thereby increasing the production of destructive inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-6 and IL-1b. 10,11 Increased levels of these cytokines in the oral fluids have been associated with the etiology of periodontal and peri-implant diseases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(kappa 0.86) blinded to the study groups assessed the peri-implant soft tissue inflammatory parameters. Peri-implant PD, 19 PI, 19 and BOP 19 were measured at 6 sites/implant (mesiobuccal, midbuccal, distobuccal, distopalatal/distolingual, midpalatal/midlingual, and mesiopalatal/mesiolingual). PD was measured using a standard probe (Hu-Friedy Manufacturing, Chicago, Illinois).…”

Section: Assessment Of Clinical and Radiographic Peri-implant Parammentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of peri‐implant clinical and radiographic status around short (6 mm in length) dental implants placed in cigarette‐smokers and never‐smokers: Six‐year follow‐up results

Abduljabbar

Al-Hamoudi

Al-Sowygh

et al. 2017

Clin Implant Dent Rel Res

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Background: It is hypothesized that peri-implant clinical and radiographic inflammatory parameters (probing depth [PD], bleeding on probing [BOP] and plaque index [PI]; and radiographic (crestal bone loss [CBL]) are worse among cigarette-smokers (CS) compared with never-smokers (NS) with short implants.Purpose: The present 6-year follow-up retrospective study compared the peri-implant clinical and radiographic parameters in CS and NS with short dental implants (6 mm in length). Materials and methods:Fifty-six male individuals were included. These individuals divided into 2 groups as follows: (a) Group-1: 29 self-reported systemically healthy CS with 48 short-implants; and (b) Group-2: 27 self-reported systemically healthy NS with 43 short implants. Peri-implant PD, PI, BOP, and CBL were measured. Group comparisons were done using the Kruskal-Wallis test and sample size was estimated. Level of significance was set at P values < .05. Results:In groups 1 and 2, the follow-up durations were 6.2 6 0.1 years and 6.1 6 0.3 years, respectively. A cigarette smoking history of 8.9 6 3.6 pack years was reported by individuals in Group-1. At follow-up, scores of peri-implant PD, BOP, PI, and mesial and distal CBL were comparable around short implants in both groups. Conclusion:Under strict oral hygiene maintenance protocols, short dental implants can remain functionally stable in CS in a manner similar to NS.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Assessment Of Clinical and Radiographic Peri-implant Parammentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of peri‐implant clinical and radiographic status around short (6 mm in length) dental implants placed in cigarette‐smokers and never‐smokers: Six‐year follow‐up results

Abduljabbar

Al-Hamoudi

Al-Sowygh

et al. 2017

Clin Implant Dent Rel Res

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“…There is a general misconception that waterpipe smoking is less hazardous to health than conventional cigarette smoking as the water through which the waterpipe smoke bubbles filters most of the toxic chemicals present in smoke, such as carbon monoxide (CO), tar, and nicotine (7). However, it has been shown that individuals smoking waterpipes have oral and systemic health conditions similar to those of cigarette smokers, such as periodontal disease, asthma, respiratory infections, hypertension, and persistent coughing (7,8). To our knowledge, no previous studies have investigated peri-implant clinical and radiographic status among habitual waterpipe smokers (WS).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peri-implant clinical and radiographic status and whole salivary cotinine levels among cigarette and waterpipe smokers and never-smokers

et al. 2018

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The aim was to compare the peri-implantclinical and radiographic inflammatory parameters and whole salivary cotinine levels among cigarette smokers (CS), waterpipe smokers (WS) and neversmokers (NS). Thirty-four CS (Group 1), 33 WS (Group 2), and 31 NS (Group 3) were included. Peri-implant plaque index (PI), bleeding-on-probing (BOP), and probing depth (PD) were measured, and crestal bone loss (CBL) was assessed on standardized digital radiographs. Unstimulated whole saliva samples were collected and whole salivary cotinine levels were measured. Peri-implant PI and PD were higher in Groups 1 (P < 0.05) and 2 (P < 0.05) than in Group 3. Peri-implant BOP was significantly higher in Group 3 than in Groups 1 (P < 0.01) and 2 (P < 0.01). Peri-implant MBL was significantly higher in Groups 1 (P < 0.05) and 2 (P < 0.05) than in Group 3. There were significant differences in PI, BOP, PD, and CBL between Groups 1 and 2. There was no significant difference in the whole salivary cotinine levels in Groups 1 and 2. Peri-implant sites with plaque accumulation, PD, CBL, and whole salivary cotinine levels were higher in CS and WS than in NS, but did not differ between CS and WS.

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“…Therefore, it is suggested that further strategies be implemented to reduce the rate of smokers (cigarette and hookah) to decrease the rate of oral diseases. and this study is the first study in this regard, although studies have studied the association of hookah smoking on oral and periodontal diseases (24)(25)(26). Although hookah is smoked in some countries, its use is very prevalent among Iranians, especially youths (27).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

The Effect of Cigarette and Hookah Smoke on Oral Bacterial Growth, Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sanguis: An In vitro Study

et al. 2018

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Background: Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sanguis are two important bacteria of the oral microflora. S. mutans is the most important cause of dental caries and S. sanguis plays an important role in formation of microbial plaque. Objectives: The present study aimed to determine the effect of cigarettes and hookah on thebacterial growth of S. mutans and S. sanguis. Methods: The standard strains of S. mutans (PTCC = 1683) and S. sanguis (PTCC = 1449) were cultured on blood agar and incubated for 48 hours in different environments, including atmospheric air, carbon dioxide, three types of cigarette smoke (Winston, ultralight Winston, and Kent), and fruity tobacco. Then, the diameter of colonies was measured and data was compared using statistical tests, such as one-way ANOVA. Results: Bacterial growth was 80%, 100%, 61%, 48%, and 59% in carbon dioxide, Winston, Kent, Ultralight Winston, fruit tobacco, respectively, for S.mutans (P < 0.001) and 134%, 38%, 169%, 105%, and 61%, respectively, for S. sanguis, which were higher than ordinary air (P < 0.001), in addition, the growth of S. mutans was more than S. sanguis in the Winston group. Conclusions: These findings showed that the growth of S. sanguis was significantly greater than S. mutans in all groups, except in the Winston group.

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Comparison of Clinical and Radiographic Periodontal Status Between Habitual Water‐Pipe Smokers and Cigarette Smokers

Cited by 65 publications

References 40 publications

Comparison of peri‐implant clinical and radiographic status around short (6 mm in length) dental implants placed in cigarette‐smokers and never‐smokers: Six‐year follow‐up results

Comparison of peri‐implant clinical and radiographic status around short (6 mm in length) dental implants placed in cigarette‐smokers and never‐smokers: Six‐year follow‐up results

Peri-implant clinical and radiographic status and whole salivary cotinine levels among cigarette and waterpipe smokers and never-smokers

The Effect of Cigarette and Hookah Smoke on Oral Bacterial Growth, Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sanguis: An In vitro Study

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