Comparison of clinical characteristics and outcomes of hospitalized patients with seasonal coronavirus infection and COVID-19: a retrospective cohort study

Abstract

Background Unlike SARS-CoV and MERS-C0V, SARS-CoV-2 has the potential to become a recurrent seasonal infection; hence, it is essential to compare the clinical spectrum of COVID-19 to the existent endemic coronaviruses. We conducted a retrospective cohort study of hospitalized patients with seasonal coronavirus (sCoV) infection and COVID-19 to compare their clinical characteristics and outcomes. Methods A total of 190 patients hospitalized with any documented respiratory tract infection and a positive respiratory viral panel for sCoV from January 1, 2011, to March 31, 2020, were included. Those patients were compared with 190 hospitalized adult patients with molecularly confirmed symptomatic COVID-19 admitted from March 1, 2020, to May 25, 2020. Results Among 190 patients with sCoV infection, the Human Coronavirus-OC93 was the most common coronavirus with 47.4% of the cases. When comparing demographics and baseline characteristics, both groups were of similar age (sCoV: 74 years vs. COVID-19: 69 years) and presented similar proportions of two or more comorbidities (sCoV: 85.8% vs. COVID-19: 81.6%). More patients with COVID-19 presented with severe disease (78.4% vs. 67.9%), sepsis (36.3% vs. 20.5%), and developed ARDS (15.8% vs. 2.6%) compared to patients with sCoV infection. Patients with COVID-19 had an almost fourfold increased risk of in-hospital death than patients with sCoV infection (OR 3.86, CI 1.99–7.49; p < .001). Conclusion Hospitalized patients with COVID-19 had similar demographics and baseline characteristics to hospitalized patients with sCoV infection; however, patients with COVID-19 presented with higher disease severity, had a higher case-fatality rate, and increased risk of death than patients with sCoV. Clinical findings alone may not help confirm or exclude the diagnosis of COVID-19 during high acute respiratory illness seasons. The respiratory multiplex panel by PCR that includes SARS-CoV-2 in conjunction with local epidemiological data may be a valuable tool to assist clinicians with management decisions.

Is SARS-CoV-2 Now More Like the Seasonal Coronaviruses Following Its Evolution?

“…Although COVID-19 has been reported to be more severe than sCoV infection in adults, the opposite appears to be true in children. 8 The results of the current study not only confirm that COVID-19 is mild in children, but also that it is milder than sCoV infection.…”

“…There are very few studies comparing the clinical features of SARS-CoV-2 with those of sCoVs in the same cohort. [8][9][10] In this study, we aimed to compare the clinical pictures of COVID-19 and sCoV infections in childhood.…”

Trend in the admissions of patients with non-COVID-19 respiratory symptoms during COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on hospital finances in Surabaya, Indonesia

“…Previous literature has also discussed the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. Still, the literature does not have estimates of the magnitude of the COVID-19 pandemic “effect size” on clinical and financial outcomes in a structural model [ 9 , 30 , 41 , 45 , 56 , 60 , [64] , [65] , [66] , [67] , [68] , [69] , [70] , [71] , [72] , [73] , [74] , [75] , [76] , [77] , [78] , [79] , [80] , [81] , [82] ]. Previous publications have also not provided information on the relationship between the COVID-19 pandemic, patient condition, cost risk, and clinical and financial outcomes, as well as the effect of the season as a confounder in two structural models, the child model and the adult model.…”

Study on adverse event following COVID 19 vaccination at tertiary care hospital, Karwars

“…There are innumerable evidence-based benefits of vaccine as an agent to provide immunity against preventable diseases, still there has been growing opposition for the use of vaccine and more so for COVID-19 vaccine because of the fast-track process involved in its research and development, and its approval. [6] The online dissemination of false and misleading information regarding vaccine safety, effectiveness and adverse event post vaccination will affect the vaccine drive initiated by Government of India on January 16 th 2021. Health care providers can effectively counter this misinformation by providing the evidence based up-to-date information [6,7].…”

“…[6] The online dissemination of false and misleading information regarding vaccine safety, effectiveness and adverse event post vaccination will affect the vaccine drive initiated by Government of India on January 16 th 2021. Health care providers can effectively counter this misinformation by providing the evidence based up-to-date information [6,7].…”