Comparison of clinical, endoscopic, and histologic features between dogs with chronic gastritis with and without lymphofollicular hyperplasia

Abstract

OBJECTIVE To compare clinical, endoscopic, and histopathologic features between dogs with chronic gastritis (CG) with and without lymphofollicular hyperplasia (LFH). ANIMALS 64 and 56 dogs with CG with (cases) and without (controls) LFH, respectively. PROCEDURES The medical record database of a referral clinic was searched to identify dogs that underwent endoscopic examination of the upper portion of the gastrointestinal tract and were subsequently determined to have CG with or without LFH between October 2006 and February 2011. Signalment and clinical, endoscopic, and histologic findings were compared between cases and controls. Logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with CG with LFH. RESULTS Compared with controls, cases were significantly younger and more likely to be of a brachycephalic phenotype. The proportions of dogs with a poor body condition or diarrhea were significantly lower and the proportions of dogs with inspiratory dyspnea, exercise intolerance, or hyperemia and discoloration of the gastric mucosa were significantly higher for the case group, compared with the control group. Inspiratory dyspnea, gastric mucosal hyperemia, and gastritis severity were positively associated, whereas poor body condition was negatively associated, with CG with LFH on multivariable logistic regression. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE The strong positive association between inspiratory dyspnea and CG with LFH suggested that the condition may be a consequence of an increase in negative intrathoracic pressure rather than a distinct clinical entity. Prospective studies are warranted to elucidate the mechanism by which inspiratory dyspnea contributes to the development of CG with LFH.

Association of gastric lymphofollicular hyperplasia with Helicobacter‐like organisms in dogs

“…According to our experience and a previous study, FBs seemed to be predisposed to GLFH. We believe that this apparent association is circumstantial 5 because we usually evaluate FBs at a young age to evaluate BOAS or because they are experiencing vomiting or regurgitation. In these young dogs, HLO infection is highly prevalent.…”

“…Nevertheless, the pathophysiology of GLFH in dogs remains unknown. A recent study found an association between young age and GLFH in dogs 5 . In addition, brachycephalic dogs with increased inspiratory effort seem to be overrepresented in the population with GLFH 5‐7 .…”

“… 5 In addition, brachycephalic dogs with increased inspiratory effort seem to be overrepresented in the population with GLFH. 5 , 6 , 7 Brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome (BOAS) is known to be associated with a high prevalence of digestive disorders. 6 Surgical treatment of BOAS has been shown to improve digestive signs in approximately 90% of affected French Bulldogs (FBs).…”

“…A recent study found an association between young age and GLFH in dogs 5 . In addition, brachycephalic dogs with increased inspiratory effort seem to be overrepresented in the population with GLFH 5‐7 . Brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome (BOAS) is known to be associated with a high prevalence of digestive disorders 6 .…”

Ultrasonographic, gastroscopic and histologic report of a mass‐like lesion in the stomach of a dog: Chronic lymphoplasmacytic and hyperplastic gastritis

“…In a previous study, there was also an incidence of diarrhoea of 64% in cases with chronic gastritis and lymphofollicular hyperplasia. 7 Chronic lymphoplasmacytic gastritis sometimes responds to dietary therapy alone. If such therapy is inadequate, glucocorticoids can be used concurrently.…”