Comparison of CO2 emission between COREX and blast furnace iron-making system

Hu, Chang-qing; Han, Xiaodong; Li, Zhihong; Zhang, Chunxia

doi:10.1016/s1001-0742(09)60052-8

Cited by 30 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…China's iron and steel industry is undergoing a low-carbon transition accompanied by remarkable technological progress and investment adjustment, in response to the macroeconomic climate and policy intervention (Fujii et al, 2010;Hu et al, 2009;Kim and Worrell, 2002;Milford et al, 2013). This economicenvironment interconnection shapes the profound transformation of the iron and steel industry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-carbon transition of iron and steel industry in China: Carbon intensity, economic growth and policy intervention

Qiao

et al. 2015

Journal of Environmental Sciences

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-carbon transition of iron and steel industry in China: Carbon intensity, economic growth and policy intervention

Qiao

et al. 2015

Journal of Environmental Sciences

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“…However, it is important to note that due to its specificity 5 , the CO2 avoided cost from the coal power plant is evaluated as suggested by Rubin [64], and the power plant cost methodology presented by Roussanaly et al [23]. [67,68] 4.28 [56] 0.72 [14,62] 2.76 [67,69,70] First, in order to understand the contribution of transport to total costs, Figure 11(a) to (d) presents the CO2 avoided cost (including capture, conditioning and transport) for the chain cost-optimal CCRs in function of the transport distance for the five membranes and four cases taken into account. The impact of including transport in the cost-optimal CCRs, depending on the transport distance and the membrane used is shown on a case-to-case basis in Figure 12(a) to (d).…”

Section: Opportunities For Combined Membrane Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cost-optimal CO 2 capture ratio for membrane-based capture from different CO 2 sources

Roussanaly

Anantharaman

2017

Chemical Engineering Journal

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This paper investigates the impact of lower CO2 capture ratios (CCR) on membrane-based CO2 capture and the identification the optimal CCRs for different membranes, depending on the CO2 concentration in the flue gas. In order to investigate this opportunity for cost reduction, a numerical model based on the Attainable Region approach is used to optimise and assess the cost of membrane-based processes for CO2 capture from post-combustion flue gases containing 10 to 35% CO2, analysing five membranes and CO2 capture ratios from 50 to 90%. The results show that partial CO2 capture can significantly reduce the CO2 avoided cost of membranebased CO2 capture from post-combustion processes varying from 11% cost reduction in the case with 10% CO2 to 55% cost reduction in the case of a flue gas containing 35%CO2. The impact of the CCR varies with membrane properties and CO2 concentration. Considering these different behaviours, the potential benefits of a membrane process based on two different membranes is investigated while considering the impact of CCR. Finally, the impact of the transport cost on the optimal CCR is then discussed through four industrial cases (a refinery, a coal-fired power plant, a cement plant and a steel plant). Overall, these cost evaluations demonstrate that membrane-based CO2 capture can significantly benefit from lower CCRs and that considering lower CCRs could enable early deployment of CCS despite low carbon emission cost.

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“…Ayres [79] and Van der Voet [80] also discuss dematerialization, however, the methods and discussions do not include the innovation that has occurred in recent years to implement innovative new technology that lowers the carbon footprint of the metals industry, such as direct smelting technology that does not use coke (not mentioned by Ayres [79] either) e.g. the Corex process Hu et al [81], the HISmelt process (Leczo [82]; Kepplinger [83]; Orth et al [84]), innovation in blast furnace technology (Gielen and Moriguchi [85]) and the innovative Outotec [86] TSL technology that is replacing old technology for base metal smelting and recycling at a fast rate. These bath smelting processes are often closer to the thermodynamic and technological limits of what is possible to extract metals from minerals or secondary consumer resources.…”

Section: Recycling Modelling/simulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Limits of Design for Recycling and “Sustainability”: A Review

Reuter

2011

Waste Biomass Valor

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Metals and materials play a pivotal role in society as their properties impart unique functionality to engineered structures and consumer products. Metals are theoretically infinitely recyclable; however, the functionality and design of consumer product complicate recycling due to their ever more complex structures producing unliberated low grade and complex recyclates. Metallurgical smelting ingenuity, good technology and intelligent use of thermodynamics and transfer processes gets metallurgists and recyclers a far way down the path of creating high recycling rates from a large range of primary concentrates and recyclates. However, the 2nd Law of Thermodynamics teaches us the practical limits of recycling in terms of entropy creation, which is determined by the complexity of the recyclates and hence to the economics of processing/ technology and metal/energy recovery. The usual simple accounting type tools do not rise to the challenge. Therefore, a key issue for the creation of ''sustainable systems'' and hence the minimization of waste (or in other words achieve high recycling rates) is the creation of optimal industrial ecological systems with optimally linked Best Available Techniques (BAT). This must maximize the recovery of materials from ores and recyclates within the boundaries of consumer behaviour, product design/functionality, thermodynamics, legislation, technology and economics. Examples will show how recyclate quality/grade predicted by recycling models affects entropy creation, while also reviewing various published methodologies. This paper shows that simulation models are a prerequisite to designing ''sustainable'' systems as these can predict recyclate grade/ quality/losses/toxicity of streams, the link to entropy and economics and the realization of company ideals and mission statements in this regard. In other words, to dematerialize society requires detail input by engineers, their predictive tools and economic based design approaches to engineer a sustainable future.

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Comparison of CO2 emission between COREX and blast furnace iron-making system

Cited by 30 publications

References 3 publications

Low-carbon transition of iron and steel industry in China: Carbon intensity, economic growth and policy intervention

Low-carbon transition of iron and steel industry in China: Carbon intensity, economic growth and policy intervention

Cost-optimal CO 2 capture ratio for membrane-based capture from different CO 2 sources

Limits of Design for Recycling and “Sustainability”: A Review

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