Comparison of different extraction methods for the analysis of volatile secondary metabolites of Lippia alba (Mill.) N.E. Brown, grown in Colombia, and evaluation of its in vitro antioxidant activity

Citral and carvone chemotypes from the essential oils of Colombian Lippia alba (Mill.) N.E. Brown: composition, cytotoxicity and antifungal activity

“…The taxonomic identification of the botanical samples was performed by Dr. José Luís Fernández at Herbario Nacional de Colombia, Institute of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Nacional de Colombia (Bogotá), where exsiccata of each plant remain as permanent samples. One L. alba sample, voucher specimen 512084, was collected in March 2005 in Saravena, Arauca, at a mean altitude of 220 m; the second L. alba sample, voucher specimen 516929, was collected in May 2005 at Turbaco-Bolivar, at a mean altitude of 80 m. The essential oils were extracted from dried L. alba stems and leaves (300 g) by microwave-assisted hydrodistillation (30 min, 250 mL water), using a Clevenger-type distillation apparatus and a Dean-Stark distillation trap in a domestic microwave oven (Kendo MO-124, 2.5 GHz, 800 W), as described previously (Stashenko et al 2004). Sodium sulphate (Merck, Darmstadt, Germany) was added to the decanted essential oil as a drying agent.…”

“…Hydrogen and air, at 30 and 300 mL/min, respectively, were used in the GC/FID, with N 2 (30 mL/min) as a make-up gas. Individual components were identified by comparison of their retention indices (RI) (Stashenko et al 2004), which were determined using a linear scale on the DB-5MS (60 m x 0.25 mm x 0.25 μL, J & W Scientific, Folsom, CA, USA) column and of the mass spectra of standard substances, including cis-3-hexenol, α-pinene, camphene, 1-octen-3-ol, beta-myrcene, alpha-phellandrene, p-cymene, limonene, terpinolene, linalool, cis-limonene oxide, citronellal, borneol, citronellol, trans-carveol, nerol, isogeraniol, neral, geraniol, carvone, geranial, thymol, eugenol, geranyl acetate, alphacopaene and trans-beta-caryophyllene. All standards were bought from Sigma-Aldrich (USA).…”

In vitro antifungal activity and cytotoxic effect of essential oils and extracts of medicinal and aromatic plants against Candida krusei and Aspergillus fumigatus

“…The essential oils were extracted from dried stems, leaves, flowers and roots (300 g) by microwaveassisted hydrodistillation (30 min, 250 mL water), using a Clevenger-type distillation apparatus and a Dean-Stark distillation trap in a domestic microwave oven (Kendo MO-124, 2.5 GHz, 800 W), as described (Stashenko et al, 2004). The extracts were obtained from 40 g of dried leaves of each plant, macerated with 200 mL ethanol and left in suspension for seven days at 28 °C.…”

Antimicrobial activity and phytochemical profile from the roots of Lippia alba (Mill.) N.E. Brown

“…) N.E. Brown, also known as Lippia geminata HBK or Lantana alba (Mill), is a shrub about 3 m tall that belongs to the Verbenaceae family (Stashenko et al, 2003). In the Brazilian traditional medicine it's vulgarly known as erva-cidreira, chá-dotabuleiro and salsa Limão (Braga, 1976;Matos, 1996).…”

“…Its leaves are employed as infusion or decoction to the treatment of gastric illnesses, diarrhea, fever, asthma, cough and tranquillizing remedy (Matos, 1996;Tavares et al, 2005;Morais et al, 2005). Large variations have been observed in the composition of L. alba essential oil, depending on the part of the plant employed in the distillation, on the plant's state of development and on the geographic location, the characteristics of the soil, climate, and others local conditions (Alea et al, 1997;Stashenko et al, 2003;Tavares et al, 2005). GC analyses of essential oil from three chemotypes of L. alba revealed the predominance of monoterpene type compounds such as citral (55.1%), -myrcene (10.5%), and limonene (1.5%) (Matos, 1996;Julião et al, 2003).…”