Comparison of Different Indicators for Groundwater Contamination by Seawater Intrusion on the Lebanese Coast

Moujabber, Maroun El; Samra, B. Bou; Darwish, T.; Atallah, T.

doi:10.1007/s11269-006-7376-4

Cited by 201 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Samples with EC of more than 10,000 µS/cm represent strong seawater influence. Levels of Cl − and EC are the simplest indicators of seawater intrusion or salinization [71,72]. EC is positively correlated with the concentration of ions, mainly Cl − concentration.…”

Section: Major Hydrochemical Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Groundwater Overexploitation and Seawater Intrusion in Coastal Areas of Arid and Semi-Arid Regions

Alfarrah

Walraevens

2018

Water

252

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Abstract:The exploitation of groundwater resources is of high importance and has become very crucial in the last decades, especially in coastal areas of arid and semi-arid regions. The coastal aquifers in these regions are particularly at risk due to intrusion of salty marine water. One example is the case of Tripoli city at the Mediterranean coast of Jifarah Plain, North West Libya. Libya has experienced progressive seawater intrusion in the coastal aquifers since the 1930s because of its ever increasing water demand from underground water resources. Tripoli city is a typical area where the contamination of the aquifer in the form of saltwater intrusion is very developed. Sixty-four groundwater samples were collected from the study area and analyzed for certain parameters that indicate salinization and pollution of the aquifer. The results demonstrate high values of the parameters Electrical Conductivity, Na + , K + , Mg 2+ , Cl − and SO 4 2− , which can be attributed to seawater intrusion, where Cl − is the major pollutant of the aquifer. The water types according to the Stuyfzand groundwater classification are mostly CaCl, NaCl and Ca/MgMix. These water types indicate that groundwater chemistry is changed by cation exchange reactions during the mixing process between freshwater and seawater. The intensive extraction of groundwater from the aquifer reduces freshwater outflow to the sea, creates drawdown cones and lowering of the water table to as much as 25 m below mean sea level. Irrigation with nitrogen fertilizers and domestic sewage and movement of contaminants in areas of high hydraulic gradients within the drawdown cones probably are responsible for the high NO 3 − concentration in the region.

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Section: Major Hydrochemical Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Groundwater Overexploitation and Seawater Intrusion in Coastal Areas of Arid and Semi-Arid Regions

Alfarrah

Walraevens

2018

Water

252

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“…It can be inferred that these parameters play significant roles in defining the groundwater geochemistry of the study area. Mondal et al (2011b) (Moujabber et al 2006), thereby implying the groundwater salinity may be due to the influence of the seawater body in proximity to the groundwater aquifer. Conversely, HCO 3 -and Ca 2?…”

Section: Correlation Matricesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogeochemical assessment of a coastal aquifer using statistical and geospatial techniques: case study of Mombasa North Coast, Kenya

Idowu¹,

Nyadawa

K’Orowe

2017

Environ Earth Sci

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The geochemistry of a coastal aquifer was assessed using statistical and geospatial analysis tools for the pre-monsoon, rainy and post-monsoon seasons. Data were obtained from both the field and laboratory analysis of water samples. Statistical methods such as correlation coefficients, piper plots, factor analysis and mixing index were used to gain insights into the geochemistry, while geospatial tools were used to create contours to understand the spatial distribution of the measured groundwater parameters of the coastal aquifer. The measured groundwater levels ranged from -0.84 to 30.08 m above mean sea level. The Electrical Conductivities and Total Dissolved Solids values were observed to have perfectly correlated with each other. Groundwater salinities were generally high, as over 94% of the water samples tested exceeded the WHO drinking water limit of 750 lS/cm and 500 mg/l, respectively. The groundwater pH was generally slightly alkaline but could be slightly acidic in the rainy season. The Na ? , K ? , Mg 2? , Cl -and SO 4 2-were observed to have high impacts on the geochemistry and also had tendencies to form similar trends. EC, TDS and NaCl values above 1000 mg/l in the groundwater were observed to generally skew towards the ocean during the rainy season. The principal process influencing the geochemistry was found to be seawater intrusion, while mineral dissolutions and rainwater percolation play lesser roles. The aquifer predominantly comprises Na-Cl waters of marine origin. The study shows the growing importance and applicability of integrated statistical and geospatial approaches for better understanding of groundwater and geochemistry of aquifers.

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“…Dengan adanya penyusupan air laut, maka komposisi air tanah akan berubah, yaitu ion Cl akan bertambah sehingga untuk mempelajari adanya penyusupan air laut digunakan Revelle index (El Moujabber, 2006), dengan rumus perbandingan konsentrasi khlorida-bikarbonat (Chlorida bicarbonat ratio) sebagai berikut :…”

Section: Analisis Dataunclassified

PENGARUH PENUTUPAN MANGROVE TERHADAP PERUBAHAN GARIS PANTAI DAN INTRUSI AIR LAUT DI HILIR DAS CIASEM DAN DAS CIPUNEGARA, KABUPATEN SUBANG (Effect of Mangrove Vegetation Cover to the Shoreline Change and Seawater Intrusion at Downstream of Ciasem)

2017

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AbstrakPerubahan penggunaan lahan dari hutan ke penggunaan lainnya seringkali diikuti oleh penurunan fungsi tanah sebagai pengatur tata air. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh tutupan mangrove terhadap perubahan garis pantai dan intrusi air laut pada hilir DAS. Penelitian difokuskan pada penentuan jenis penggunaan lahan pantai melalui interpretasi citra satelit dan pengecekan lapangan, analisis kondisi fisik tanah, pengamatan intrusi air laut, dan analisis perubahan garis pantai akibat abrasi atau ekresi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pada periode tahun 1989 hingga 2013, tambak yang ditanami mangrove di Kabupaten Subang mengalami penurunan luas dari 3402,6 ha menjadi 2384,9 ha, sebaliknya terjadi peningkatan luas tambak tanpa mangrove dari 5745 ha menjadi 8741,5 ha. Analisis perubahan garis pantai menunjukkan adanya abrasi di Ujung Pamanukan dan Teluk Ciasem mencapai 1,2 km ke arah daratan. Akresi dijumpai di Teluk Blanakan dan Muara Cipunagara mencapai 1,3 km dalam kurun waktu 1989 -2013, sedangkan di Muara Sungai Cipunagara mencapai 1,7 km. Air tanah di Desa Muara dan Desa Legon Wetan termasuk air agak payau karena memiliki nilai DHL yang lebih besar dari 1500 µS/cm dan TDS di Legon Wetan > 1000 ppm, sedangkan di Muara TDS nya mendekati 1000 ppm. Perbandingan konsentrasi khlorida-bikarbonat di Desa Muara dan Desa Legon Wetan menunjukkan angka R > 1 sehingga tingginya kadar garam pada air tanah diakibatkan oleh intrusi air laut. Hal sebaliknya terjadi di Desa Tegalurung yang penggunaan pantainya didominasi tambak bermangrove memiliki nilai DHL dan TDS air tanah yang masuk dalam klasifikasi air tawar.Kata kunci: abrasi, akresi, garis pantai, intrusi air laut, mangrove. Abstract Changes in land use from forest to other uses are often followed by a decrease in soil functions as a regulator of the water system. This research aimed to study the effect of mangrove cover to a change of a coastline and sea water intrusion

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Comparison of Different Indicators for Groundwater Contamination by Seawater Intrusion on the Lebanese Coast

Cited by 201 publications

References 20 publications

Groundwater Overexploitation and Seawater Intrusion in Coastal Areas of Arid and Semi-Arid Regions

Groundwater Overexploitation and Seawater Intrusion in Coastal Areas of Arid and Semi-Arid Regions

Hydrogeochemical assessment of a coastal aquifer using statistical and geospatial techniques: case study of Mombasa North Coast, Kenya

PENGARUH PENUTUPAN MANGROVE TERHADAP PERUBAHAN GARIS PANTAI DAN INTRUSI AIR LAUT DI HILIR DAS CIASEM DAN DAS CIPUNEGARA, KABUPATEN SUBANG (Effect of Mangrove Vegetation Cover to the Shoreline Change and Seawater Intrusion at Downstream of Ciasem)

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