Comparison of different solvents for extraction of oils from by‐products of shrimps Penaeus vannamei and Procambarus clarkia

Abstract

The effects of different extraction solvents on the extraction yield and chemical composition of oils from by-products of marine shrimp Penaeus vannamei (Pv) and freshwater shrimp Procambarus clarkia (Pc) were investigated. Our results indicated that the ethanol and n-hexane mixture (4:1, v/v) was suitable solvent for simultaneous extraction of phospholipid and nonpolar lipids. By contrast, the ethanol and n-hexane mixture (4:1, v/v) and single ethanol were suitable solvents for the extraction of polyunsaturated fatty acids-rich (36.10%-42.78% of total fatty acids for Pv and 23.57%-25.58% of total fatty acids for Pc) and phosphatidylcholine-rich (66.22-67.09 mol% of total phospholipids for Pv and 55.01-58.68 mol% of total phospholipids for Pc) oils, but acetone was suitable solvent for the extraction of astaxanthin-rich oil (436.19 μg/g oil for Pv and 799.27 μg/g oil for Pc). The findings will provide relevant information that can be used to improve the production of nutritional oils from shrimp by-products. Practical applicationsThis study provides a theoretical basis for creating proper extraction processing to recover nutritional oils from shrimp by-products. For example, the ethanol and n-hexane mixture (4:1, v/v) was a suitable solvent for simultaneous extraction of phospholipid and non-polar lipids. By contrast, both of the ethanol and n-hexane mixture (4:1, v/v) and single ethanol were suitable solvents for the extraction of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA)-rich and phosphatidylcholine-rich oils, but acetone was a suitable solvent for the extraction of astaxanthin-rich oil. Therefore, the oils extracted from shrimp by-products are rich in phospholipid, PUFA, and astaxanthin, which may be used as new functional food ingredients.

Impact of different solvents on extraction yield, phenolic composition, in vitro antioxidant and antibacterial activities of deseeded Opuntia stricta fruit

“…High extraction yield of hydro-alcohol solvents especially (20:80) hydro-ethanol can be attributed to their capability to dissolve polar along with non-polar molecules [30]. Indeed, the polarity of ethanol system is more consistent for extraction of polar components like, phospholipids, polysaccharides and lipoproteins, which may be the most dominant components of the O. stricta fruit material additionally to flavonoid and betacyanin glycosides like isorhamnetein-3-O-rutinoside, betanin, isobetanin and betanidin [5,[31][32][33]. On the other side, acetone or its combinations with water can be considered as common extractant for tannins and proanthocyanidins [7,34,35].…”

Comparative studies on the lipid profiles of female and male gonads of abalone (Haliotis discus hannai)

“…Many studies have also shown that marine animals were rich in PLs, and most of the female gonads contained more PLs than the male ones. [ 26–28 ] For example, Hayashi [ 29 ] reported that the majority of lipids in the gonads of arrow squid ( Loligo bleekeri ) were PLs, which accounted for 83.3% and 80.3% of the total lipids in female and male gonads, respectively. Besides, Palacios et al.…”

Ultrasound-Assisted Alcoholic Extraction of Lesser Mealworm Larvae Oil: Process Optimization, Physicochemical Characteristics, and Energy Consumption

“…Espinosa-Pardo et al realized that ethanol compared to hexane, had a better ability to increase the extraction yield of corn germ oil due to the extraction of other polar compounds from the lipid matrix [ 40 ]. Accordingly, higher EE of n -hexane/ethanol may be contributed to the separation of phospholipids by the polar phase (ethanol) and more nonpolar lipids like triglycerides by the non-polar phase ( n -hexane) [ 38 , 41 ]. Recently, a combination of these two solvents (hexane/ethanol; 1:4 v / v ) has resulted in the highest efficiency in extracting oil from shrimp by-products [ 41 ].…”

“…Accordingly, higher EE of n -hexane/ethanol may be contributed to the separation of phospholipids by the polar phase (ethanol) and more nonpolar lipids like triglycerides by the non-polar phase ( n -hexane) [ 38 , 41 ]. Recently, a combination of these two solvents (hexane/ethanol; 1:4 v / v ) has resulted in the highest efficiency in extracting oil from shrimp by-products [ 41 ]. The high ability of polar solvents to increase EE of LMOs explains that the alcoholic mixture contained more polar lipids such as mono-glycerides (MAG), di-glycerides (DAG), phospholipids, and lipoproteins) than n -hexane or its combination with each of the alcohols.…”