The potential information of dual-polarization SAR data has received various attentions, and previous investigations indicated that HH/VV dual-polarization data could provide entropy/alpha decomposition results that were very close to those obtained using quadpolarization data. However, some numerical relationships between the results of dual-and quad-polarization data are overlooked. In this study, the generalized similarity parameter is firstly introduced to link the entropy/alpha decomposition in dual-and quad-polarization modes. Then, their numerical relationships are analysed using both spaceborne (ALOS-PALSAR, Radarsat-2 and TerraSAR-X) and airborne (ESAR, EMISAR, PISAR, Convair and AirSAR) data at different frequencies. The experimental results suggest that the value of alpha in HH/VV dual-polarization mode is generally less than that in quad-polarization mode, and entropy in HH/VV weakens the distinctions between certain land cover types in some cases compared to quad-polarization entropy. In addition, the entropy/alpha is found to be not rotation-invariant around the line of sight in HH/VV dual-polarization mode.