Comparison of electrocardiograms recorded with standard leads and derived from the vectorcardiographic Frank leads in high-risk patients

Abstract

Dynamic vectorcardiography (VCG) is increasingly employed for ischaemia monitoring with the use of a computerized method for recording and on-line analysis by the calculation of trend parameters. To elucidate how well the derived electrocardiogram (dECG), calculated from the VCG, compares with the simultaneously registered standard ECG (sECG), dECGs from 17 postoperative cardiac-risk patients and 36 subjects with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) were compared to sECGs, both quantitatively in leads II, III, V2 and V5 and qualitatively. Despite small, but some significant differences, mainly in the amplitudes of precordial leads, the qualitative interpretation by two independent cardiologists showed good agreement between the methods (kappa = 0.72 and 0.67, respectively) for the diagnosis of AMI/ischaemia. The dECG seems to be reliable and can be used clinically in these groups of patients during VCG recordings.

Cardiac Syndrome X Electrocardiographic Patterns Using Signal-Averaged Orthogonal Leads and VCG Indices

“…Analysis of the high-resolution vectorcardiogram (VCG) enables detection of electrical activity of individual and/or typical for patient group fragments of the cardiac muscle that presents a possibility for developing a qualitatively new diagnostic method. Comparing VCG to the standard electrocardiogram (ECG), the former shows the advantage of having better sensitivity for analysis of the repolarization process and myocardial ischemia [1,2].…”

“…In our previous studies [10,11], we have demonstrated that the circadian profile of the autonomic cardiac control in patients with CSX, is similar to the profile of healthy persons, but is different from the profiles of different patient groups with CAD. Since with CSX patients the stress test will show changes on the electrocardiogram that are strongly suggestive of ischemia, the aim of this study is to obtain CSX patterns of the VCG loops in the horizontal, frontal and right saggital planes of the Frank corrected orthogonal leads (X, Y, Z) [2] in resting state and to assess their similarity with the reference VCG loops of normal subjects.…”