Comparison of Enzymatic, Alkaline, and UV/H₂O₂Treatments for Extraction of Beetle-Infested Lodgepole Pine (BILP) and Aspen Bark Polyphenolic Extractives

Abstract

This paper describes the comparison of enzymatic, alkaline, and UV/H 2 O 2 treatments for the extraction of beetleinfested lodgepole pine (BILP) and mixed aspen barks polyphenolic extractives. The concept of green polymers has become more appealing due to the presence of large volumes of processing residuals from the timber and pulp industries. This, in turn, supports the idea of developing new polymers based on bark extractives. Here, we used a chromatographic method to determine the chemical composition of some of the polyphenolic compounds in bark extractives and observed the effect of different extraction methods on extraction yield. Polyphenolic compounds separation was performed using HPLC in reverse-phase mode with an octadecylsilane (ODS), C18 column (3 μm particle size), and an UV detector. Detection wavelengths of 280, 310, and 370 nm were selected to allow better separation of each compound. The comparative studies and effects of enzymatic, alkaline, and UV/H 2 O 2 treatments on extractives yield and component contents were investigated. UV/H 2 O 2 treatment exhibited the highest yield with 54% of dry bark weight extracted and was found to degrade larger amounts of lignins/tannins than enzymatic and alkaline treatments. Conversely, enzymatic treatment was good for holocellulose.

Novel Catalytic Systems to Convert Chitin and Lignin into Valuable Chemicals

“…Liquefaction of cellulose [54], lignin [55,56], and even wood [57] with polyethylene glycol (PEG) [58], EG [59] or glycol [60] as the solvent has been reported to be effective in producing sugars, polyols and aromatic compounds, which could be further utilized directly to synthesize polyurethanes foams (PUFs). Following the same principle, chitin liquefaction into amino-sugars has been very recently established [61].…”

Acid-Catalyzed Chitin Liquefaction in Ethylene Glycol

“…25,26 Under the catalysis of acids, the polymer chain is solvolyzed and depolymerized by the solvent molecules. Liquefaction of cellulose, 27 lignin, 28,29 and even wood 30 has already been reported using polyethylene glycol (PEG), 31 EG, 32 or glycol 33 as the solvent. 34 For acidcatalyzed liquefaction, the temperature used is usually between 150 and 170 °C with liquefaction efficiency from 60% to 100% for various lignocellulosic biomass substrates.…”

“…Among the various transformation strategies for lignocellulosic biomass, liquefaction process , is a simple and effective method to convert solid biomass into liquid polyols or aromatics that can be directly used to produce value-added polymers. − The liquefaction process is usually conducted under atmospheric pressure at elevated temperatures by using polyhydric alcohols as the solvent and acids as the catalyst. , Under the catalysis of acids, the polymer chain is solvolyzed and depolymerized by the solvent molecules. Liquefaction of cellulose, lignin, , and even wood has already been reported using polyethylene glycol (PEG), EG, or glycol as the solvent . For acid-catalyzed liquefaction, the temperature used is usually between 150 and 170 °C with liquefaction efficiency from 60% to 100% for various lignocellulosic biomass substrates.…”

Recent Advances in Applications of Acidophilic Fungi to Produce Chemicals

“…Over 10 million tons of petrochemical materials (phenol and its derivatives) are generated annually. Thus, advancement is required to utilize new and natural raw substances for polyphenolic compounds biosynthesis [ 1 ]. Biomass is gaining much attention these days for being a renewable carbon source for chemicals, materials and energy production and hence acting as a resource to produce green products and replace fossil fuels that are decreasing day by day [ 2 , 3 ].…”