Comparison of estimates of feed energy obtained from ostriches with estimates obtained from pigs, poultry and ruminants

Brand, Tassilo; Merwe, J. P. van der; ., M.M. Salih; Brand, Z.

doi:10.4314/sajas.v30i4.3888

Cited by 7 publications

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“…Experimental diets were formulated to be equal in Metabolisable energy (ME), protein and amino acid contents (Mixit-Win, Agricultural Software Consultants Incorporated, San Diego, California, USA). The ME values of the raw ingredients were converted from pig ME-values to ostrich ME values as described by Brand, van der Merwe, Salih, and Brand (2000).…”

Section: Chemical Analysis Of Feed Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 1996, information on the nutrient requirements for growing ostriches was limited (Angel, 1996) and the requirements estimated were based on other poultry species. Numerous scientific studies have been conducted since then to gain more knowledge on the subject and permit more accurate calculations (Brand, van der Merwe, et al, 2000;Cloete et al, 2012), but the newly acquired information still pales in comparison to other monogastric species, such as pigs and poultry (Brand & Olivier, 2011), however.…”

Section: Dietary Requirementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of cottonseed oilcake inclusion on ostrich growth performance and meat chemical composition

et al. 2013

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Section: Chemical Analysis Of Feed Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Dietary Requirementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of cottonseed oilcake inclusion on ostrich growth performance and meat chemical composition

et al. 2013

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“…Ostriches have a different gastrointestinal tract compared to broilers, which allows them to digest dietary fibre more efficiently (Cilliers et al, 1992(Cilliers et al, , 1997Brand et al, 2000;Sales, 2006). The length of the colon in an adult ostrich represents approximately 57% of the intestines compared to only 3% in an adult broiler (Angel, 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth, body characteristics and blood parameters of ostrich chickens receiving commercial probiotics

Karimi-Kivi

Dadashbeiki

Seidavi

2015

Span. j. agric. res.

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This study was undertaken to determine the effect of four commercial probiotics on growth, body characteristics and haematological parameters of ostrich chicks. A total of 25 ostrich chicks (937±68.1 g) were individually allocated and fed the experimental diet for six weeks (n=5 per treatment). Experimental diets consisted of a corn/soybean meal-based diet unsupplemented (T1: Control), and four diets supplemented with probiotics according to the recommendations of the manufacturer (T2: 0.04% Bioplus 2B; T3: 0.09% Primalac; T4: 0.1% Thepax; and T5: 0.03% Protexin). Feed intake (FI), body weight (BW) and seven body characteristics (e.g. height) were measured every week. Blood samples and other body characteristics were also taken in the last week. There was an interaction effect between diet and time on all the growth variables and body characteristics (p<0.05). Both the BW and the BW gain of the ostrich chicks were, in general, higher for those fed the diet T2 than those fed the control diet (0.42, 1.07, 0.99, 1.09, 2.51, and 1.66 kg BW gain vs 0.28, 0.41, 0.83, 0.94, 1.15, and 1.15 kg BW gain at 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, and 42 days respectively), while for those fed the other diets containing probiotics differences were only observed at 42 days (p<0.05). Consuming probiotics over an extended period influenced several of the haematological parameters differently compared to those fed the control diet (p<0.05). T2 and T3 increased the concentration of total cholesterol (157 and 210 mg/dL respectively), when compared to those fed the control diet (119 mg/dL), while total cholesterol was slightly reduced (p>0.05) for those fed the diet containing Thepax (T4, 79 mg/ dL). In conclusion, the effects of commercial probiotics on growth performance, body characteristics and haematological parameters varied among probiotics. Additional key words: blood parameters; growth performance; ostrich chicks; poultry nutrition Abbreviations used: BW (body weight); FCR (feed conversion ratio); FI (feed intake); HDL (high density lipoproteins); LDL (low density lipoproteins); VLDL (very low density lipoproteins) Citation: Karimi-Kivi, R.; Dadashbeiki, M.; Seidavi, A. (2015). Growth, body characteristics and blood parameters of ostrich chickens receiving commercial probiotics. Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research, Volume 13, Issue 1, e06-004, 11 pages. http:// dx

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“…This is a major concern for young monogastric animals (Ensminger, 1992), but the ostrich-a hindgut fermenter-has the ability to digest fibrous material (Brand & Olivier, 2011). This allows ostriches to utilize a greater proportion of the available energy in the feed than poultry and pigs (Brand et al, 2000c;Kruger, 2007). Swart (1988) found that ostriches could possibly absorb between 12% -76% of their energy in the form of volatile fatty acids, which are the end products of fibre digestion in the large intestine.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of varying levels of dietary inclusion of sweet lupin on the growth production characteristics of ostriches (<i>Struthio camelus</i> var. <i>domesticus</i>)

Brand¹,

Engelbrecht²,

Merwe³

et al. 2019

SA J. An. Sci.

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Nutrition contributes approximately 75% of the total input costs to an intensive ostrich production unit. An increase in the price of traditional protein sources thus necessitates finding cheaper alternatives. Sweet lupins were identified as a possible alternative; therefore, the effect of feeding various sweet lupin inclusion levels was evaluated throughout the different feeding phases. One hundred and forty ostrich chicks were randomly divided into five dietary treatments with three replications each. The chicks all received a standard commercial pre-starter ostrich diet. Five iso-nutritional diets were formulated for each feeding phase according to specifications set out for each of the different feeding phases using Mixit2+ software. For each feeding phase the diets contained either soybean oilcake meal (control diet, 0LD) or sweet lupins (alternative protein source). The 100 lupin diet (LD) was formulated to include the maximum amount of sweet lupins according to the specifications for the specific species and the feeding phase, and therefore differs between the three feeding phases. Soybean oilcake meal was thus gradually replaced by sweet lupins in the following ratios: 100:0 (0LD), 75:25 (25LD), 50:50 (50LD), 25:75 (75LD), and 0:100 (100LD). Feed and water were supplied ad libitum. Feed intakes and live weights were measured every fortnight until slaughter at ca. 11 months of age. No differences were found between the treatment diets for the live weight, dry matter intake (DMI), average daily gain (ADG) or feed conversion ratio (FCR) at the end of each feeding phase. However, the birds on the 75LD tended to have the highest end weight and ADG, and those on the 100LD the lowest at the end of the starter phase. No differences were found for slaughter weight, dressing percentage and big drum muscle weight of the birds. Birds on the 50LD and 75LD tended to have the heaviest cold carcasses; this differed from the 100LD birds which had the lightest. Birds fed the 50LD had heavier thigh weights than those on the other diets. The results of this study indicate that soybean oilcake meal can be replaced in the diets of slaughter ostriches with sweet lupins up to 15% (75LD) in starter diets and 30% (100LD) in grower and finisher diets without any significant effect on any of the production and slaughter traits.

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Comparison of estimates of feed energy obtained from ostriches with estimates obtained from pigs, poultry and ruminants

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Effect of cottonseed oilcake inclusion on ostrich growth performance and meat chemical composition

Effect of cottonseed oilcake inclusion on ostrich growth performance and meat chemical composition

Growth, body characteristics and blood parameters of ostrich chickens receiving commercial probiotics

Effect of varying levels of dietary inclusion of sweet lupin on the growth production characteristics of ostriches (<i>Struthio camelus</i> var. <i>domesticus</i>)

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