Comparison of Ethanol‐Extracted and Unextracted Crownvetch Forage Fed to Weanling Meadow Voles1

Barnes, R. F.; Fissel, G. W.; Shenk, J. S.

doi:10.2134/agronj1974.00021962006600010020x

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 3 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Regression of feed intake against level of COLM in the diet yielded the equation: Y (feed intake) = 3.98-0.013x (r =-0.97; PO.01) where x is the level of COLM in the diet. The results obtained in this study with respect to feed intake is in agreement with that of phenolic-related studies by Barnes et al (1974), Shenk et al (1974) and Jung and Fahey (1983). Chemical analyses of the leaves of Chromolaena odorata in the present study and that of Apori et al (2000) indicate that it contains tannins.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Response of broiler chickens to the dietary inclusion of Chromolaena odorata leaf meal

Donkoh¹,

Atuahene²,

Anang³

et al. 2002

J. Anim. Feed Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A study was carried out to determine the nutrient composition of the leaf meal of the tropical plant Chromolaena odorata, and its value as a feed ingredient and colouring agent in broiler chickens' diets. Chromolaena odorata leaf meal (COLM) contained (on dry matter basis) crude protein 218.0 g kg" 1 , crude fibre 141.0 g kg" 1 , and metabolizable energy 5.42 MJ kg" 1 , tannic acid equivalent 143 g kg" 1 . Two hundred and forty 2-week-old broiler chickens were used in a complete randomised design to evaluate the effect of diets containing varying amounts of COLM (0,25, 50 and 75 g kg 1 ) on growth performance and some physiological parameters. The diets were fed ad libitum for 6 weeks. The COLM addition had an adverse effect on the performance of broiler chickens by reducing feed intake (r=-0.97), body weight gain (r=-0.99), feed conversion efficiency (r=0.96), water consumption (r=-0.74) and carcass yield (r=-0.98). Mortality rates were, however, unaffected by dietary treatments. Body colour intensity increased with increasing levels of COLM. At dietary levels of 0,25,50 and 75 g kg 1 , the skin, beak and shank colour scores on Roche colour fan were 0, 4.6, 6.8 and 7.9, respectively. Haematological and blood biochemical indices and spleen, liver, heart, gizzard and intestinal weights were unaffected by the level of inclusion of COLM.

show abstract

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Response of broiler chickens to the dietary inclusion of Chromolaena odorata leaf meal

Donkoh¹,

Atuahene²,

Anang³

et al. 2002

J. Anim. Feed Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Thus, the greater the reduction in weight gain as compared to control, the greater the percentage of mortality, with one exception: the aqueous fraction from step III resulted in a lower mortality than expected. Diet intakes and weight gains were positively correlated (r = 0.98••, df = 9), which is in agreement with earlier reports (2,11).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Furthermore, bioassay results indicated these substances were present in varying amounts under different growing and harvest conditions. It has been reported that ethanol extraction of crownvetch forage removed the active substances, 3 with activity found only in the ethanol extracts (2).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation of β‐Nitropropionic Acid from Crownvetch¹

Gustine¹,

Shenk²,

Moyer³

et al. 1974

Agronomy Journal

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Compounds that are toxic when fed to meadow voles (Microtus pennsylvanicus) have been isolafed from freshcut, oven‐dried crownvetch (Coronilla varia L.) forage. This activity was detected by weanling meadow vole bioassays in which weight change, diet intake, and death were recorded during 6‐day feeding trials. The compounds were extracted from dried, ground forage with 95% ethanol. Nonpolar compounds were precipitated by addition of water, and the active compounds remained in aqueous solution. The active compounds remained in the aqueous phase after partitioning with chloroformethanol (8.5:1.5), but were extracted into the organic phase during partitioning with ethyl formate. They were further purified by passage through a polyamide column, and then fractionated by silicic acid column chromatography. From the final fractions, β‐nitropropionic acid (BNPA) was isolated. This is the first report of the presence of BNPA in crownvetch. Weanling voles fed crownvetch and BNPA ~in diets at 20 and 0.15%, respectively, showed identical responses, thus indicating that BNPA is a toxic factor in crownvetch.

show abstract

“…The purpose of this study was to compare the responses of weanling meadow voles to crownvetch and other legume forages, and to determine the variability of vole responses to crownvetch forage harvested from different sources and individual plants. The report of Barnes, Shenk, and Fissel (1974) further delineates the characterization of this anti-quality constituent(s) in crownvetch.…”

mentioning

confidence: 78%

Weanling Meadow Vole Responses to Crownvetch Forage¹

Shenk¹,

Risius²,

Barnes

1974

Agronomy Journal

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Crownvetch (Coronilla varia L.) has been reported to contain antiquality constituents. Feeding trials were conducted to determine the feasibility of using the weanling meadow vole (Microtus pennsylvanicus) as a bioassay to assess the effects of these antiquality constituents on feed intake, body‐weight change, and ration digestibility. The feeding value of crownvetch forage was compared with that of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.), and sainfoin (Onobrychis viciaefolia Scop.) incorporated at 15% dry weight into a nutritionally adequate and balanced diet. Voles had lower intake and lost weight when fed crownvetch than when fed the other legume forages. No relationship existed between intake or weight loss and apparent digestibility. However, not all crownvetch forages resulted in lower intake and weight loss, and samples differed in their capacity to cause adverse vole responses from year to year. Voles also differed in their responses to forage fed from individual plants of the ‘Chemung’ cultivar. Low intake appeared to be the primary reason for the weight loss and death which occurred on many samples. The information presented indicates the presence of an antiquality constituent(s) in crownvetch forage that should be thoroughly investigated for its effects upon other animal species, especially rapidly growing monogastrics.

show abstract

Comparison of Ethanol‐Extracted and Unextracted Crownvetch Forage Fed to Weanling Meadow Voles¹

Cited by 11 publications

References 3 publications

Response of broiler chickens to the dietary inclusion of <i>Chromolaena odorata</i> leaf meal

Response of broiler chickens to the dietary inclusion of <i>Chromolaena odorata</i> leaf meal

Isolation of β‐Nitropropionic Acid from Crownvetch¹

Weanling Meadow Vole Responses to Crownvetch Forage¹

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Comparison of Ethanol‐Extracted and Unextracted Crownvetch Forage Fed to Weanling Meadow Voles1

Cited by 11 publications

References 3 publications

Response of broiler chickens to the dietary inclusion of <i>Chromolaena odorata</i> leaf meal

Response of broiler chickens to the dietary inclusion of <i>Chromolaena odorata</i> leaf meal

Isolation of β‐Nitropropionic Acid from Crownvetch1

Weanling Meadow Vole Responses to Crownvetch Forage1

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Comparison of Ethanol‐Extracted and Unextracted Crownvetch Forage Fed to Weanling Meadow Voles¹

Isolation of β‐Nitropropionic Acid from Crownvetch¹

Weanling Meadow Vole Responses to Crownvetch Forage¹