Comparison of Fatty Acid Profile of Specialty Maize to Normal Maize

Abstract

Increasing utilization of specialty maize prompted us to evaluate its fatty acid profile. For this

Biochemical evaluation of dent corn (Zea mays L.) genotypes cultivated under rainfed conditions in the hills of north western Indian Himalayan state of Jammu and Kashmir

“…In five different and recent studies on maize genotypes across the world protein content has been found to vary between 9.4-13%, 11.02-13.02%, 11.02-15.31%, 8.05-11.43% and 6.27-8.06%, while oil content has been found to vary between 3.32-4.70%, 2.56-5.57%, 4.39-9.71%, 3.80-5.02% and 2.7-5.2% respectively (Egesel et al, 2011, Aliu et al, 2012, Sanjeev et al, 2014, Scrob et al, 2014, Chibuike et al, 2015. In India, higher contents of oil (9.71%) and protein (15.31%) have been observed in sweet corn samples and attributed to shriveled grain texture because of an (Sanjeev et al, 2014) which is in consonance with our study. The higher protein content in some of the genotypes especially IC -0617877 (18.7%) and IC-0617880 (17.6%) is quite appreciable and thus may serve as promising donors for this trait in maize breeding programmes.…”

“…Fatty acid contents of 9.2-12.7% (palmitic acid), 1.46-2.14% (stearic acid), 23.3-35.4% (oleic acid), 50.8-62.4% (linoleic acid) and 0.42-0.66% (arachidic acid) have been reported in normal maize oil (Egesel et al, 2011). In India, Sanjeev et al (2014) have recorded 12.61-16.22% palmitic acid, 2.63-6.04% stearic acid, 33.54-46.61% oleic acid and 33.00-44.65% linoleic acid contents in the oil obtained from several normal and specialty maize genotypes. Thus, our findings on protein and oil content as well as fatty acid composition in the present study essentially corroborate these reports.…”

“…United States, China and Brazil are the top three maize producing countries in the world producing approximately 563 of the total 717 million metric tonnes per year (Ranum et al, 2014). In India, which is its sixth largest producing country, maize was introduced probably during the seventeenth century by the Portuguese and now stands up as the third cash crop after wheat and rice with about 24 % of the maize produced used as human food, 16 % as animal feed, 44 % as poultry feed while about 16 % is utilized as an industrial raw material where most of the maize is processed through wet milling, producing starch as the major product, and oil, bran and gluten meal as byproducts (Sanjeev et al, 2014). About two million tonnes of maize is used in the starch industry in the country yielding about 70,000 tonnes of maize oil an- nually.…”

“…A typical maize hybrid contains 8-15% protein (Reynolds et al, 2005), and most of these proteins consist of prolamins. The oil concentration of widely used maize hybrids varies between 3.5-5% (Lambert, 2001, Laurie et al, 2004, Sanjeev et al, 2014; corn having oil content of more than 6% is regarded as high oil corn (Rajendran et al, 2012). Maize germ (embryo) is an oil-rich portion of the kernel containing 80-84% of total oil content followed by 12% in aleurone and 5% in endosperm (Rajendran et al, 2012).…”

A Comparative Study on Changes and Relationships of Kernel Biochemical Components in Different Types of Maize

“…The scientific literature covers many studies comparing maize genotypes for their grain quality, where protein and oil ratios [10], fatty acid compositions [11,12] and mineral matter contents of the genotypes were investigated [13]. However, reports on the comparison of kernel quality traits in high value maize genotypes are rather limited [14]. As a drawback, the "high value" maize genotypes are generally deficient in the other quality traits.…”