Comparison of fly ash properties from Afsin?Elbistan coal basin, Turkey

Influence of flue gas conditioning on fly ash characteristics

“…This indicates that coarsest particles get collected in the field F1 (nearest) while the finest particles get collected in the field F5 (farthest), respectively. These observations are consistent with the results reported in the literature [74][75][76][77] and the trends depicted in Fig. 2.…”

Review of contemporary world studies on characteristics of fly ash as a secondary mineral resource: Part 1

“…These are primarily oxides of silicon, aluminum, iron and calcium, which are by weight 95 ÷ 99% of ash (Table 2). In addition, the ash typically also contains smaller amounts of compounds of magnesium, titanium, sulfur, sodium and potassium, as well as very small amounts (expressed in millionths parts) of other elements [4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. In addition to the mineral (inorganic) compounds, the fly ashes also contain carbon originated from residues of unchanged to partly transformed coal.…”

“…To su pre svega oksidi silicijuma, aluminijuma, gvožđa i kalcijuma, koji čine maseno 95÷99 % pepela (tabela 2). Pored toga, pepeo po pravilu sadrži i manje količine jedinjenja magnezijuma, titana, sumpora, natrijuma i kalijuma, kao i veoma male količine (izražene u milionitim delovima) drugih elemenata [4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. Pored mineralnih (neor-ganskih) sastojaka, leteći pepeli sadrže i ugljenik koji potiče od ostataka neizmenjenog do delimično transformisanog uglja.…”

Coal Combustion Product: Nonhazardous Material for Mine Fill

“…As noted, despite these many beneficial uses, large amounts of fly ash are simply disposed off as waste. Therefore, research into new, alternative applications for fly ash is needed, both to encourage its use as a raw material and to encourage possible users to view it as a raw material with the potential for processing into new products (Ural, ). Fly ash has been used for stowing or backfilling into mines, and there is the potential to maximize its utilization for this purpose (Mishra & Das, ).…”