Comparison of forward-facing and  backward-facing tractor egress

Mann, Danny; Hesketh, Andrea; Morrison, Jason

doi:10.7451/cbe.2016.58.2.1

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Furthermore, the data about egressing behaviors were self-reported. As in Grogran et al (2014), and in Mann et al (2016), it would be interesting to increase our understanding of the…”

Section: Risk Factors For Falls In Agriculturementioning

confidence: 79%

“…Furthermore, the data about egressing behaviors were self-reported. As in Grogran et al (2014) and in Mann, Hesketh, and Morrison (2016), it would be interesting to increase our understanding of the factors contributing to a fall from agricultural machinery via an observation and motion analysis of the egress behavior performed by the operator to also quantitatively assess the biomechanical load associated with different egressing behaviors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Finally, despite the present study being focused on the behavioral components of the risk of falls and related interventions at individual level, it should be considered that in the hierarchy of safety controls, the first level of intervention to reduce risks is represented by the design features of the vehicle (Purschwitz, 2006). A future development of the study considering both a kinematic analysis, the participants' anthropometric characteristics, and the design features of the participants' tractor access path (as in Mann et al, 2016) would help to understand the role played by all these variables in the rising of a fall accident. Possible uncompliance with standards and regulations in force in machinery design (for example, nearly 40% of the 1.75 million tractors in Italian farms are outdated, with safety concerns, being more than 30 years old, Cavallo et al, 2014) may be detected through engineeringbased inspections, and features needing improvement could be identified by discussing with the operators about the benefits/disadvantages of the actual design strategies (Day & Rechnitzer, 2004).…”

Section: Risk Factors For Falls In Agriculturementioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Falls From Agricultural Machinery: Risk Factors Related to Work Experience, Worked Hours, and Operators’ Behavior

Caffaro

Roccato²,

Cremasco

et al. 2017

Hum Factors

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Objective We investigated the risk factors for falls when egressing from agricultural tractors, analyzing the role played by worked hours, work experience, operators' behavior, and near misses. Background Many accidents occur within the agricultural sector each year. Among them, falls while dismounting the tractor represent a major source of injuries. Previous studies pointed out frequent hazardous movements and incorrect behaviors adopted by operators to exit the tractor cab. However, less is known about the determinants of such behaviors. In addition, near misses are known to be important predictors of accidents, but they have been under-investigated in the agricultural sector in general and as concerns falls in particular. Method A questionnaire assessing dismounting behaviors, previous accidents and near misses, and participants' relation with work was administered to a sample of Italian tractor operators ( n = 286). Results A mediated model showed that worked hours increase unsafe behaviors, whereas work experience decreases them. Unsafe behaviors in turn show a positive association with accidents, via the mediation of near misses. Conclusions We gave a novel contribution to the knowledge of the chain of events leading to fall accidents in the agricultural sector, which is one of the most hazardous industries. Applications Besides tractor design improvements, preventive training interventions may focus on the redesign of the actual working strategies and the adoption of engaging training methods in the use of machinery to optimize the learning of safety practices and safe behaviors.

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“…Furthermore, the data about egressing behaviors were self-reported. As in Grogran et al (2014), and in Mann et al (2016), it would be interesting to increase our understanding of the…”

Section: Risk Factors For Falls In Agriculturementioning

confidence: 79%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Risk Factors For Falls In Agriculturementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Falls From Agricultural Machinery: Risk Factors Related to Work Experience, Worked Hours, and Operators’ Behavior

Caffaro

Roccato²,

Cremasco

et al. 2017

Hum Factors

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Possible future developments of the research could further explore the relationship between adverse work environment factors and accidents, considering the safety behaviors [11] and coping strategies adopted when dealing with adverse and stressful conditions [51] as mediators of the relationship. Moreover, it would be interesting to increase our understanding of the factors contributing to farm accidents in two ways: first, via more objective techniques of data collection, such as the observation of farmers interacting with different machines, to identify risky behaviors that can increase the probability of being involved in an accident (as in Mann et al [52]), and second, taking directly into account the issue of the age of agricultural machinery, which is known to play a role in the onset of agricultural accidents [53]. The use of aging machines with inadequate safety engineering represents a constant source of risk, as operations involving high numbers of disturbances, e.g.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…to identify the ways in which they perform their complex and varied tasks and the different strategies adopted to reduce risks (as in Mann et al [52]). Furthermore, in future research, data collection on farm accidents and near misses could be extended over a longer period.…”

Section: Michele Roccatomentioning

confidence: 99%

It does not occur by chance: a mediation model of the influence of workers’ characteristics, work environment factors, and near misses on agricultural machinery-related accidents

Caffaro

Cremasco

Roccato

et al. 2017

International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health

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Agriculture is among the most hazardous productive sectors, and farm machinery is a major source of injury. In the present study, a mediated model was used to test the role played by workers' characteristics, work environment factors, and near misses in predicting agricultural machinery-related accidents in a sample of Italian users (n = 290). Hours worked per week (via the mediation of an adverse work environment) showed a positive association and years of work experience (via the mediation of risk perception) showed a negative association with the probability of being involved in a near miss, which in turn showed a positive association with the probability of being involved in a machinery-related accident. Implications for tailored preventive interventions are discussed.

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Body Orientation and Points of Contact during Laboratory-Based Machinery Egress: Investigating Adherence to Safety Guidelines

Kingston¹,

Bashiri²,

Omoniyi³

et al. 2020

Journal of Agricultural Safety and Health

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HighlightsMost of the experienced operators performed machine egress facing out from the cab.Egress was 2.5 s longer when facing in toward the machine, but no differences were observed in points of contact maintained when compared to egress facing out.Maintaining at least three points of contact during egress was observed for only approximately 30% of egress duration.A one-hour exposure to whole-body vibration did not change points of contact behavior nor egress duration when performing egress while facing out.Abstract. Mobile farm machinery operators are at a high risk of injury when entering (ingress) and exiting (egress) the cabs of such machinery due to slips and falls. Safety organizations and equipment manufacturers have delivered a consistent message: operators are to egress machines facing in, toward the access path, and maintain three points of contact at all times. This study used a laboratory-based model of a mid-sized agricultural tractor to determine adherence to best practices for safety and the effect of acute whole-body vibration exposure on compliance. The majority of 19 experienced operators (16 male, 3 female) performed machinery egress facing out from the cab because descending while facing in toward the machine took 2.5 s longer. Maintaining at least three points of contact during egress was observed for only approximately 30% of egress duration, but was as high as approximately 41% for participants who self-selected the facing-in orientation. Exposure to 1 h of whole-body vibration did not change points of contact behavior nor trial duration when performing egress while facing out. Overall, the model cab used in this study had safety features similar to a real-world machine, indicating that there may be opportunities in access path or cab door design to promote increased points of contact use. Future work is needed to accurately assess three-dimensional movement patterns and external forces for disease and injury risk models. Keywords: Access path, Farm machinery, Safety guidelines, Occupational injury.

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Comparison of forward-facing and backward-facing tractor egress

Cited by 3 publications

References 5 publications

Falls From Agricultural Machinery: Risk Factors Related to Work Experience, Worked Hours, and Operators’ Behavior

Falls From Agricultural Machinery: Risk Factors Related to Work Experience, Worked Hours, and Operators’ Behavior

It does not occur by chance: a mediation model of the influence of workers’ characteristics, work environment factors, and near misses on agricultural machinery-related accidents

Body Orientation and Points of Contact during Laboratory-Based Machinery Egress: Investigating Adherence to Safety Guidelines

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