Comparison of Four Refractometers for the Investigation of the Passive Transfer in Beef Calves

Vandeputte, Sébastien; Detilleux, Johann

doi:10.1111/j.1939-1676.2011.00816.x

Cited by 30 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Strong correlations have been determined between serum IgG levels and serum TP concentrations in neonatal calves (Vandeputte et al 2011;Rocha et al 2012). A serum IgG level of 10 g/l in calves is regarded to be equal to a serum TP concentration of 52 g/l (Tyler et al 1999b).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of colostrum composition on passive calf immunity in primiparous and multiparous dairy cows

Aydoğdu¹,

Güzelbekteş²

2018

Vet. Med.

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ABSTRACT:The aim of this study was to determine the effect of colostrum quality and composition on passive calf immunity in primiparous and multiparous dairy cows. Twenty-four primiparous and 24 multiparous dairy cows were used in this study. Calves born from primiparous dairy cows comprised the first group and calves born from multiparous dairy cows constituted the second group. After birth, colostrum samples were immediately taken from dairy cows. Venous blood samples were collected from the calves before the first colostrum intake and on the 2 nd , 7 th , 14 th and 28 th days after the first colostrum intake. Blood and colostrum samples were analysed for biochemical parameters, immunoglobulin and mineral levels. Fat and crude protein levels in colostrum were determined using the Gerber and Kjeldahl methods, respectively. Immunoglobulin levels in the colostrum of multiparous cows were significantly (P < 0.05) higher compared to primiparous cows while fat ratio, LDH activity, Ca, Mg, P and K levels were lower. There was a positive correlation among colostrum immunoglobulin, gamma-glutamyltransferase, crude protein and total protein. Serum immunoglobulin, total protein, globulin and gamma-glutamyltransferase activity in all calves were increased following the colostrum feeding. However, the serum immunoglobulin, total protein, globulin and gamma-glutamyltransferase levels in the second group of calves were higher than those of the first group of calves. There was a positive correlation among serum immunoglobulin, gamma-glutamyltransferase, globulin and total protein. Fe concentrations in all calves decreased over the course of 14 days and were lower in the second group of calves compared to the first group. In conclusion, the results of this study show that the colostrum quality of multiparous cows was better than that of primiparous cows. Colostrum crude protein, total protein, gamma-glutamyltransferase along with colostrum immunoglobulin might be used to determine colostrum quality. Serum immunoglobulin, total protein, globulin and gamma-glutamyltransferase activities could be used to determine the passive transfer status of calves.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of colostrum composition on passive calf immunity in primiparous and multiparous dairy cows

Aydoğdu¹,

Güzelbekteş²

2018

Vet. Med.

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“…These findings are higher than the correlation previously reported between refractometry and RID (McBeath et al, 1971; r = 0.72) and between ELISA and RID (Gelsinger et al, 2015; r = 0.59) using plasma samples. The wide range of reported correlation coefficients could be explained by variations in the source of serum and plasma samples and the instrument variation between refractometers used in these different studies (Vandeputte et al, 2011). In the current study, 217 samples were collected from 30 farms, whereas Deelen et al (2014) and MacFarlane et al (2014) collected 400 serum samples from 5 farms and 61 plasma samples from 7 farms, respectively.…”

Section: Correlation Coefficientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using serum and plasma samples to assess failure of transfer of passive immunity in dairy calves

Elsohaby

McClure

Waite

et al. 2019

Journal of Dairy Science

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The objectives of this study were (1) to determine the differences in IgG and total protein (TP) content of serum and plasma samples collected from the same calves; (2) to evaluate the correlation between calf serum and plasma IgG levels, Brix scores, and TP concentrations; (3) to determine whether different cutoff values should be used for plasma and serum to assess failure of transfer of passive immunity (FTPI) in dairy calves; and (4) to evaluate the level of agreement between results obtained from using serum and plasma samples of the same calves to assess FTPI using optimal cutoff values. Blood samples (n = 217) were collected from Holstein calves at 3 to 10 d of age on 30 commercial dairy farms in Nova Scotia and Newfoundland, Canada. Paired serum and plasma samples were analyzed for IgG concentration by the reference radial immunodiffusion assay, transmission infrared (TIR) spectroscopy, digital and optical Brix refractometers, and optical TP refractometer. The IgG concentrations measured by RID and TIR spectroscopy in serum were similar to those in plasma. However, the Brix and TP refractometer readings were significantly higher in plasma than in serum. The prevalence of FTPI in serum and plasma samples based on a RID-IgG concentration <10 g/L was 43.3 and 46.5%, respectively. The RID-IgG concentration was correlated with TIR-IgG (r = 0.92 and 0.89), digital Brix (r = 0.80 and 0.80), optical Brix (r = 0.77 and 0.77), and optical TP (r = 0.75 and 0.77) refractometers in serum and plasma, respectively. The correlations between paired serum and plasma IgG content were 0.85 by TIR spectroscopy, 0.80 by digital Brix, 0.77 by optical Brix, and 0.79 by optical TP refractometer. The optimal cutoff values for TIR spectroscopy, digital Brix, optical Brix, and TP refractometers to assess FTPI using serum were 13.1 g/L, 8.7% Brix, 8.4% Brix and 5.1 g/dL, respectively; and the optimal cutoff values with plasma were 13.4 g/L, 9.4% Brix, 9.3% Brix and 5.8 g/dL, respectively. When using these optimal cutoff values, the level of agreement (88.1%) between results derived from testing serum and plasma by TIR spectroscopy was substantial, with a kappa (κ) value of 0.76. The results derived from testing serum and plasma by digital Brix refractometer showed substantial agreement (83.4%), with a κ value of 0.65, which is higher than the agreement and κ value (74.7% and 0.51) reported for the optical Brix refractometer. Substantial agreement (81.6%) between serum and plasma TP was also obtained when using the optical TP refractometer, with a κ value of 0.63. In conclusion, serum or plasma samples can be used interchangeably for measuring IgG concentrations and assessing FTPI in dairy calves. However, different cutoffs must be used to assess FTPI depending on the sample matrix. Furthermore, results obtained from serum samples showed higher agreement with the reference RID assay than those obtained from plasma samples.

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“…STP refractometer measurements have been recommended in the United States for on‐farm monitoring of the colostrum management program and as a predictor of calf health during the neonatal period . This recommendation was instituted because immunoglobulins contribute the greatest proportion of total protein in neonatal calf blood after albumin, which has a narrow RI in neonatal calves . It should be noted that refractometry provides an indirect measure of serum IgG concentration because refractometry measures total solids that are strongly correlated with STP concentrations, and thus correlate with serum IgG concentrations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…21 This recommendation was instituted because immunoglobulins contribute the greatest proportion of total protein in neonatal calf blood after albumin, which has a narrow RI in neonatal calves. 9,12 It should be noted that refractometry provides an indirect measure of serum IgG concentration because refractometry measures total solids that are strongly correlated with STP concentrations, and thus correlate with serum IgG concentrations. The use of refractometers for the on-farm STP concentration measurements as part of routine monitoring in a colostrum management program has yet to be widely adopted by dairy producers, which suggests that dairy producers have not embraced optical refractometry as an effective method to rapidly and accurately identify calves with FTPI, possibly due to concern about the subjective nature of optical refractometry or lack of access to a suitable centrifuge.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of 5 methods for diagnosing failure of passive transfer in 160 Holstein calves

Zakian

Nouri

Rasooli

et al. 2018

Veterinary Clinical Pathol

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Comparison of Four Refractometers for the Investigation of the Passive Transfer in Beef Calves

Cited by 30 publications

References 13 publications

Effect of colostrum composition on passive calf immunity in primiparous and multiparous dairy cows

Effect of colostrum composition on passive calf immunity in primiparous and multiparous dairy cows

Using serum and plasma samples to assess failure of transfer of passive immunity in dairy calves

Evaluation of 5 methods for diagnosing failure of passive transfer in 160 Holstein calves

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