Comparison of Fracture Strengths of Three Provisional Prosthodontic CAD/CAM Materials: Laboratory Fatigue Tests

Abstract

Temporary restorations play a fundamental role in oral rehabilitation. They can be used on teeth or implants for a variable period of time during the period prior to rehabilitation with definitive restorations. Temporary or provisional restorations manufactured via CAD/CAM methods are becoming increasingly used in the intermediate phase of the treatment of complex cases. The main objective of this study was to compare the fracture resistance of three materials used in the creation of provisional crowns on implants: polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), composite resin, and polyether ether ketone (PEEK). Fracture resistance in PMMA (Zirkonzahn Temp Basic® , Gais, South Tyrol, Italy) ranged from 1216.0 N to 1461.2 N, with a mean of 1300.4 N (SD = 97.09). In the composite material (3M Lava Ultimate®, Minnesota, USA), fracture resistance varied between 1343.5 N and 1490.6 N, with a mean of 1425.9 N (SD = 49.03). Lastly, in PEEK (Tecno Med Mineral®, Zirkonzahn®, Gais, South Tyrol, Italy), fracture resistance ranged from 2294.8 N to 2451.7 N, with a mean of 2359.5 (SD = 50.01). The crowns made with the PEEK Tecno Med Mineral® (Zirkonzahn®, Tyrol, Italy) material presented the best fracture resistance, followed by the crowns made with the Lava Ultimate® (3M® ESPE, Minnesota, USA) composite resin material and, finally, those made with the PMMA Temp Basic® (Zirkonzahn®, Tyrol, Italy) material.

Digital Design of Different Transpalatal Arches Made of Polyether Ether Ketone (PEEK) and Determination of the Force Systems

“…The biocompatible high-performance polymer polyether ether ketone (PEEK) that was analyzed in the present study has been used in dentistry for dental implants [18][19][20] as well as for permanent and removable dentures [14,15]. In the orthodontic field, PEEK has been tested for the manufacturing of removable and fixed space maintainers.…”

“…The material can be milled and is-with some limitations-also 3D printable [16,17]. Due to its excellent biocompatibility, PEEK was also chosen for dental implants as well as for removable and fixed dentures [18][19][20]. With its small Young's modulus of 3-5 GPa, PEEK may also be a good candidate for metalfree, aesthetic orthodontic appliances.…”

The Influence of Saliva pH on the Fracture Resistance of Two Types of Implant-Supported Bis-Acrylic Resin Provisional Crowns—An In Vitro Study

“…The provisional restoration can be manufactured using a silicone matrix or a vacuum on a preoperative cast or on an ideally contoured waxing of the replacement tooth [ 4 ]. A properly adapted ISPR implies better esthetics, contouring and architectural modeling of the upper peri-implant tissue [ 9 ].…”

“…In addition, the deleterious effects of weak intraoral acids (citric and lactic acid) on inorganic fillers can also contribute to a decrease in materials’ hardness [ 13 , 19 ]. Thus, fracture resistance is very relevant and should be considered when choosing material for temporary restorations [ 9 ].…”

Influence of Popular Beverages on the Fracture Resistance of Implant-Supported Bis-Acrylic Resin Provisional Crowns: An In Vitro Study

“…Dokania, R. et al suggested the term “guided tissue healing” to describe the use of a provisional restoration for guiding soft-tissue architecture. This is a state-of-the-art approach in implantology [ 1 , 2 ], which also allows for rehabilitation during the period of osseointegration, as well as restores the function, phonetics, esthetics, and adaptation to the final shape of the restoration. The temporary restoration plays a fundamental role in oral rehabilitation [ 3 , 4 ].…”