Comparison of germination responses of cultivated wheat ( Triticum ) and its wild relative ( Aegilops ) species under salinity, temperature and light

Abstract

The seed germination of bread (Triticum aestivum cv. Bezostaya 1 and Ceyhan 99) and durum (Triticum durum cv. Diyarbakır 81 and Fırat 93) wheat species and their wild relative species (Aegilops biuncialis and Ae. triuncialis) was compared at two light levels, nine NaCl concentrations and three alternating temperature regimes. No seeds germinated at 675 mmol/L NaCl. The highest seed germination (100%) of cultivated wheat cultivars was noted in the control at 15/25°C and 20/30°C, and that of wild wheat species in both the control and the 150 mmol/L NaCl treatment under all temperature regimes. The seed germination of bread and durum wheat cultivars was completely inhibited at or above 450 and 375 mmol/L NaCl, respectively. No Ae. biuncialis seeds germinated at 600 mmol/L NaCl, while seeds of Ae. triuncialis germinated at this concentration (38.9%) only at 20/30°C in darkness. The inhibitory effect of light on germination in all genotypes was determined in some salinity levels at 15/25°C. The optimal germination treatment for all genotypes was 15/25°C temperature regime and darkness. The inhibitory effect of high salinity on germination was greater at 25/35°C than at 15/25°C or 20/30°C. In salinity and temperature interactions, the seeds of wild wheat species were found to be more tolerant than those of wheat cultivars.

Effect of Salt Stress on the Salicylic Acid Synthesis in Young Maize (Zea mays L.) Plants

“…Salt resistance in plants is usually quantified in terms of survival rates and/or growing abilities under stress conditions, but it is a complex phenomenon that involves biochemical and physiological processes as well as morphological and developmental changes (Flowers et al. 1977, Greenway and Munns 1980, Yildiz and Kasap 2007). Maize ( Zea mays L.) is considered a moderately salt‐sensitive plant (Maas and Hoffmann 1977).…”

Amélioration de la détection des Fusarium spp. et du Bipolaris sorokiniana dans les semences par l’ajout de paraquat dans les milieux de culture

“…Les travaux de Hervieux et al (2002) ont toutefois été réalisés sur des cultures pures et avec un milieu de culture exempt de fongicide ou de bactéricide, contrairement au nôtre qui contient du bénomyl et de la streptomycine. Il a été démontré qu'au minimum 22 g de NaCl L -1 d'eau dans la solution ajoutée à un papier buvard étaient nécessaires pour inhiber la germination des graines de blé (Yildiz et Kasap 2007); toutefois, à cette concentration, le Bipolaris a été trop affecté pour pouvoir être détecté efficacement. Le NaCl a donc aussi été rejeté comme inhibiteur dans le milieu de détection du B. sorokiniana.…”

Effects of salt stress and nitrogen application on growth and ion accumulation of Suaeda salsa plants

“…Salt resistance in plants is usually quantified in terms of survival rates [5] and/or growing abilities under stress conditions, involving biochemical and physiological processes as well as morphological and developmental changes [6] , and previous studies [7,8] have indicated that the maintenance of an adequate supply of nutrients to the growth zone should be a key component of the growth response to salinity. Nitrogen fertilization could increase crop yield [9] , and the application of nitrogen fertilizer has also been reported to mitigate significantly the adverse effects caused by high salt stress on a number of plants [10,11] .…”