Comparison of Graphene Growth on Single-Crystalline and Polycrystalline Ni by Chemical Vapor Deposition

Zhang, Yi; Gomez, Lewis; Ishikawa, Fumiaki; Madaria, Anuj R.; Ryu, Koungmin; Wang, Chuan; Badmaev, Alexander; Zhou, Chongwu

doi:10.1021/jz1011466

Cited by 344 publications

(266 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…In practice [14], [18], [22], [23], [24], the GCM structures which are grown on polycrystalline Ni surface are not uniform in thickness. The non-uniformity of thickness occurs due to the presence of two different ways of graphene growth on the Ni surface.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of Graphenic Carbon Materials on Nickel Particles with Controlled Quantity of Carbon

Grehov

Kalnacs

Mishnev

et al. 2016

Latvian Journal of Physics and Technical Sciences

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A cheap, comparatively simple and effective method is proposed for the large quantity production of the sheets of graphenic carbon materials (GCM) by annealing the mixture of nickel powder with a suitable carbon amount at the temperatures close to 1000 ºC. The number of graphene layers in the sheets of GCM may be varied by altering the amount of carbon in the mixture and parameters of annealing and drying of the obtained products. Samples of GCM were prepared in the form of heat-dried GCM paper and in the form of graphene sponge with freeze-drying. The appearance of GCM on the surface of Ni particles was identified using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) at a low accelerating voltage of 5 kV. The thickness and properties of the layers were investigated by electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The fabrication processes were carried out at the concentrations of added carbon from 0 to 1 at%. The results obtained are fully consistent with the well-known solid phase reactions of carbon dissolution in Ni at 1000 °C and graphene or graphite precipitation on the surface with cooling down to the room temperatures.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of Graphenic Carbon Materials on Nickel Particles with Controlled Quantity of Carbon

Grehov

Kalnacs

Mishnev

et al. 2016

Latvian Journal of Physics and Technical Sciences

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“…For catalytic metals with high carbon solubility and a sharp temperature dependency, such as Ni and cobalt (Co) (~1.2 and 1.0 at.% at 1,000 o C respectively), a massive carbon species would segregate from bulk metals and precipitate on the surface during cooling 17 . This type of non-equilibrium precipitation process is believed to be the origin of inhomogeneous graphene growth, especially at the grain boundaries of polycrystalline metal films, which serve as nucleation centres for multilayer graphene growth 18 . Apparently, the cooling rates of the growth substrates strongly affect the graphene thickness and uniformity.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Rational design of a binary metal alloy for chemical vapour deposition growth of uniform single-layer graphene

et al. 2011

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Controlled growth of high-quality graphene is still the bottleneck of practical applications. The widely used chemical vapour deposition process generally suffers from an uncontrollable carbon precipitation effect that leads to inhomogeneous growth and strong correlation to the growth conditions. Here we report the rational design of a binary metal alloy that effectively suppresses the carbon precipitation process and activates a self-limited growth mechanism for homogeneous monolayer graphene. As demonstrated by an ni-mo alloy, the designed binary alloy contains an active catalyst component for carbon source decomposition and graphene growth and a black hole counterpart for trapping the dissolved carbons and forming stable metal carbides. This type of process engineering has been used to grow strictly singlelayer graphene with 100% surface coverage and excellent tolerance to variations in growth conditions. With simplicity, scalability and a very large growth window, the presented approach may facilitate graphene research and industrial applications.

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“…However, in this work, the higher Cu is invalid to control the graphene growth. As studied before [24,[28][29][30][31], there are two different growth mechanism of graphene on Ni and Cu. Graphene is grown on Cu by surface absorbed.…”

Section: Mechanism Of Controllable Graphene Growth By Laser Irradiationmentioning

confidence: 90%

Laser Controllable Growth of Graphene via Ni-Cu Alloy Composition Modulation

Lin

Zhang

et al. 2015

Lasers Manuf. Mater. Process.

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Graphene has many unique properties, most of them strongly depend on the number of layers. It is significant to develop a facile approach to realize the controllable growth of graphene with specific number of layers. We ever reported an efficient approach to grow graphene rapidly and locally by laser irradiation. In this work, we offers yet another important feature, to control the number of layers of graphene. Ni-Cu alloy has been reported to be used successfully as the catalyst for graphene growth with controllable number of layers. In that case, the Ni-Cu alloys with different compositions were normally formed by thermal evaporation. Here we provide an efficient way to fabricate the Ni-Cu alloy catalysts by laser cladding. Then the high power laser was employed to melt the Ni and Cu mixed powders. Different Ni-Cu alloy catalysts were formed in a high rate of 720 mm 2 /min with a thickness of 1.2 mm. Then the graphene with controllable layers was rapidly and locally grown on the Ni-Cu catalysts by laser irradiation at a high rate (18 cm 2 /min) at room temperature. We found that the Ni-Cu catalyst with 15 % Cu could be helpful to grow single layer graphene, which occupied 92.4 % of the entire film. Higher Cu content didn't promote the growth due to the oxygen involved during the growth process. The controllable growth mechanism of graphene by laser processing was discussed. Combining the rapid catalyst fabrication and graphene synthesis make it a cost-and time-efficient method to produce the controllable graphene films.

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Comparison of Graphene Growth on Single-Crystalline and Polycrystalline Ni by Chemical Vapor Deposition

Cited by 344 publications

References 34 publications

Synthesis of Graphenic Carbon Materials on Nickel Particles with Controlled Quantity of Carbon

Synthesis of Graphenic Carbon Materials on Nickel Particles with Controlled Quantity of Carbon

Rational design of a binary metal alloy for chemical vapour deposition growth of uniform single-layer graphene

Laser Controllable Growth of Graphene via Ni-Cu Alloy Composition Modulation

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