Comparison of Grass Pollen Levels in 5 Cities of Argentina

Ramón, Germán; Arango, Nadia; Barrionuevo, Laura; Reyes, Maria Sol; Adamo, Maximo; Molina, Olga; Serrano, G.; Fasano, Pablo; Mendes, Anahi M.; Villafañe, Vilma I.; Kahn, Adrian M.

doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2015.12.530

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“… 39 Also in mostly warm temperate Argentina, the spring season was the most prevalent pollen season for grasses, trees and weeds. 40 In several cities, grass pollen peaked in November‐December (late spring early summer), 41 a few months earlier than for example, in Gauteng, where grass peaked from late summer until June (winter). In Mar del Plata (Argentina), Northern Hemisphere exotics, such as Acer , Juglans , Betula , Salix , Fraxinus , Platanus , and Juglans , were abundant during austral spring, whereas grasses started to increase in October‐November.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The South African Pollen Monitoring Network: Insights from 2 years of national aerospora sampling (2019–2021)

Esterhuizen,

Berman,

Neumann

et al. 2023

Clinical & Translational All

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BackgroundPollen monitoring has been discontinuously undertaken in South Africa, a country with high biodiversity, a seasonal rainfall gradient, and nine biomes from arid to subtropical. The South African Pollen Monitoring Network was set up in 2019 to conduct the first long‐term national aerospora monitoring across multiple biomes, providing weekly reports to allergy sufferers and healthcare providers.MethodsDaily airborne pollen concentrations were measured from August 2019 to August 2021 in seven cities across South Africa. Updated pollen calendars were created for the major pollen types (>3%), the average Annual Pollen Index over 12 months was calculated, and the results were compared to available historical data.ResultsThe main pollen types were from exotic vegetation. The most abundant taxa were Poaceae, Cupressaceae, Moraceae and Buddleja. The pollen season start, peak and end varied widely according to the biome and suite of pollen taxa. The main tree season started in the last week of August, peaked in September and ended in early December. Grass seasons followed rainfall patterns: September–January and January–April for summer and winter rainfall areas, respectively. Major urban centres, for example, Johannesburg and Pretoria in the same biome with similar rainfall, showed substantive differences in pollen taxa and abundance. Some major differences in pollen spectra were detected compared with historical data. However, we are cognisant that we are describing only 2 years of data that may be skewed by short‐term weather patterns.ConclusionsDifferences in pollen spectra and concentrations were noted across biomes and between geographically close urban centres. Comparison with historical data suggests pollen spectra and seasons may be changing due to anthropogenic climate change and landscaping. These data stress the importance of regional and continuous pollen monitoring for informed care of pollinosis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The South African Pollen Monitoring Network: Insights from 2 years of national aerospora sampling (2019–2021)

Esterhuizen,

Berman,

Neumann

et al. 2023

Clinical & Translational All

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“…30 Poaceae, or ragmines, are the most representative pollens in aerobiological studies in almost all cities in Argentina, as well as in the rest of the world, where they are shown to be the most common cause of seasonal allergies. 31 It is considered to be the most common cause of rhinoconjunctivitis symptoms, especially in early summer, caused by the Pooideae subfamily and then, in late summer, by the flowering of the Chloridoideae and Panicoideae subfamilies. The Chloridoideae subfamily is well represented by Cynodon dactylon, and also by Distichils spicata in the city of Bahía Blanca, which demonstrated cutaneous sensitivity in patients with allergic rhinoconjunctivitis.…”

Section: Ocular Allergy To Pollen In Latin Americamentioning

confidence: 99%

Latin American Guideline on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Ocular Allergy - On behalf of the Latin American Society of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology (SLAAI)

Chong-Neto¹,

Cepeda²,

Moreira³

et al. 2022

AAAI

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A alergia ocular, também conhecida como conjuntivite alérgica (CA), é uma reação de hipersensibilidade mediada por imunoglobulina E (IgE) do olho desencadeada por aeroalérgenos, principalmente ácaros da poeira doméstica e pólen de gramíneas. Os sintomas geralmente consistem em prurido ocular ou periocular, lacrimejamento e olhos vermelhos que podem estar presentes durante todo o ano ou sazonalmente. A alergia ocular tem frequência elevada, é subdiagnosticada e pode ser debilitante para o paciente. É potencialmente danosa para a visão, nos casos em que ocasiona cicatrização corneana grave, e na maioria dos pacientes associa-se a outros quadros alérgicos, principalmente rinite, asma e dermatite atópica. É classificada em conjuntivite alérgica perene, conjuntivite alérgica sazonal, ceratoconjuntivite atópica e ceratoconjuntivite vernal. O diagnóstico procura evidenciar o agente etiológico e a confirmação se dá pela realização do teste de provocação conjuntival. O tratamento baseia-se em evitar o contato com os desencadeantes, lubrificação, anti-histamínicos tópicos, estabilizadores de mastócitos, imunossupressores e imunoterapia específica com o objetivo de obter o controle e prevenir as complicações da doença.Descritores: Alergia ocular, conjuntivite alérgica, rinoconjuntivite.Ocular allergy, also known as allergic conjunctivitis, is an immunoglobulin E-mediated hypersensitivity reaction of the eye triggered by airborne allergens, primarily house dust mites and grass pollen. Symptoms usually consist of ocular or periocular itching, watery eyes, and red eyes that may be present year-round or seasonally. Ocular allergy has a high frequency, is underdiagnosed, and can be debilitating for the patient. It is potentially harmful to vision in cases of severe corneal scarring, and in most patients, it is associated with other allergic conditions, especially rhinitis, asthma, and atopic dermatitis. It is classified as perennial allergic conjunctivitis, seasonal allergic conjunctivitis, atopic keratoconjunctivitis, and vernal keratoconjunctivitis. Diagnosis seeks to identify the etiologic agent, and confirmation is given by conjunctival provocation testing. Treatment is based on avoiding contact with triggers, lubrication, topical antihistamines, mast cell stabilizers, immunosuppressants, and specific immunotherapy with the aim of achieving control and preventing disease complications.

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“…Data from Latin America in this regard are relatively sparse. In Argentina, there is a characteristic geographic distribution and high-frequency airborne count of pollens 7 . However, to the best of our knowledge, there are no studies that characterize the frequency of sensitization to specific extracts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensitization to subtropical grass pollens in patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis from Bahia Blanca, Argentina

Ramón

Barrionuevo

Viego

et al. 2019

World Allergy Organization Journal

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BackgroundGrass pollinosis is an important contributor to allergic diseases, with varying patterns and frequency of allergens according to the geographical location studied. Our study aims to provide a better understanding of subtropical grass pollinosis in Argentinian patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study involving 894 patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis from Bahía Blanca, Argentina. Skin prick tests were performed to selected pollen species belonging to three subfamilies of the Poaceae genera. Frequency of sensitization to specific grass pollen extracts, cross-reactivity of allergens assessed by skin prick test, and possible associations between allergen extracts and asthma or allergic conjunctivitis were analyzed.ResultsSensitization to the Pooideae subfamily was the most frequent, encompassing 86.8% (CI: 84.4%–88.9%) of the studied population. Positive reactions to allergen extracts from the Chloridoideae and the Panicoideae subfamilies showed smaller papule size than allergen extracts from the Pooideae subfamily (χ2(5) = 83.75, p < 0.001). Patients with a positive skin prick test (SPT) to a specific extract were more likely to present some degree of cross-reactivity to the remaining pollens when compared to patients with negative SPT to the same specific extract. Even though the proportion of patients presenting with asthma (46.9%) was higher than those with conjunctivitis (22.6%), there was only a statistically significant association between sensitization to Festuca arundinacea (φ = 0.089, p = .009), Phalaris arundinacea (φ = 0.074, p = .032) and Paspalum notatum (φ = 0.070, p = .038) and the presence of conjunctivitis.ConclusionsOur results suggest a high frequency of sensitization to grass pollen extracts from the Poaceae family among patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis. Overall, sensitization to the Pooidae subfamily was the most common, where Phalaris arundinacea presented the highest frequency.

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Comparison of Grass Pollen Levels in 5 Cities of Argentina

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

The South African Pollen Monitoring Network: Insights from 2 years of national aerospora sampling (2019–2021)

The South African Pollen Monitoring Network: Insights from 2 years of national aerospora sampling (2019–2021)

Latin American Guideline on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Ocular Allergy - On behalf of the Latin American Society of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology (SLAAI)

Sensitization to subtropical grass pollens in patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis from Bahia Blanca, Argentina

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