Comparison of Growth Velocity Among School Age Children With Different Body Mass Index From Childhood Into Early Adolescence in Hualien County, Taiwan: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Hsiao, Yu-Chao; Wang, Jen-Hung; Chu, Chia–Hsiang; Chang, Yu-Hsun; Chen, Jui-Shia; Jan, Rong-Hwa; Yang, Shang-Hsien; Chen, Ming-Chun; Chou, Wei-Chih; Chu, Shao‐Yin; Lai, Pei‐Chun; Cheng, Ching Feng; Chiu, Pin-Yun; Liu, Yu-Hsuan; Chang, Yu‐Ching

doi:10.3389/fped.2021.599730

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The quality of the eaten food was associated with a risk of obesity: fruit was inversely associated with the risk of obesity; on the contrary, sweetened beverages and refined carbohydrates with added fat were associated with increased risk of obesity ( 26 ). Hsiao et al ( 28 ) mentioned that to achieve good family health, physicians should engage the concerns of parents to empower their knowledge of healthy literacy in nutrition, exercise, and parenting skills. A family-based exercise plan, healthy diet plan, and structural daily schedule will provide a supportive environment for children after leaving the school campus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex-Specific Temporal Trends in Overweight and Obese Among Schoolchildren From 2009 to 2018: An Age Period Cohort Analysis

Chang¹,

Hsieh

Huang

et al. 2021

Front. Pediatr.

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Background: Our study examined the age, period, and cohort effects on overweight and obesity in children using a 10-year dataset collected from schoolchildren in Hualien, Taiwan.Methods: We used data from the annual health checkup of a total of 94,661 schoolchildren in primary schools and junior high schools in Hualien from 2009 to 2018. Children were defined as overweight or obese by the gender- and age-specific norm of the body mass index. We conducted the age-period-cohort (APC) analysis in boys and girls separately.Results: From 2009 to 2018, the rates of children overweight and obese were 12.78 and 14.23%, respectively. Boys had higher rates of overweight and obesity than girls (29.73 vs. 24.03%, P < 0.001). Based on APC analysis results, positive age effect existed regardless of gender. The risk of overweight or obesity of children aged 9 or 12 years was significantly higher compared to the average rate. As for period effect, a fluctuating downward trend in overweight was evident in 2016, and a similar trend in obesity was seen in 2017 across gender groups. The birth cohort of 2007 to 2009 had a significant higher proportion of overweight and obese than other birth cohorts. This indicated that the proportion of children overweight and obese in the young generation is higher than that in the old generation.Conclusion: An increased risk of children overweight or obese was associated with age and later birth cohort. For the period effect, the trend in the prevalence of overweight and obesity fluctuated downward slowly from 2016 to 2017.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex-Specific Temporal Trends in Overweight and Obese Among Schoolchildren From 2009 to 2018: An Age Period Cohort Analysis

Chang¹,

Hsieh

Huang

et al. 2021

Front. Pediatr.

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“…A study taken from an obesity clinic explored the association between obesity and height throughout childhood and adolescence (17); the obese subjects were taller than average in childhood, but the growth advantage gradually decreased and the final adult height of obese and normal subjects was equal. A recent Taiwan cohort study (19) also illustrated that obese subjects between 9 and 13 years of age tended to have higher linear growth velocity than subjects with normal BMI. However, the Swedish population-based longitudinal growth study (18) concluded that overnutrition between 2 and 8 years of age will not be beneficial from a final height point of view, as the temporary increase in height gain will be compensated by an earlier pubertal maturity and a subnormal height gain in adolescence.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…However, these data were based on inpatient or outpatient series, and the number of subjects was relatively small. Several cohort studies have demonstrated that growing up in a state of obesity demonstrated a smaller growth spurt during puberty, leading to an impaired final height (17)(18)(19). However, some of the series were taken from the obesity clinic, and most of the studies made the evaluation based on BMI measurement.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Different Effects of Skeletal Muscle and Fat Mass on Height Increment in Children and Adolescents Aged 6–11 Years: A Cohort Study From China

Shi

Xu³

et al. 2022

Front. Endocrinol.

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ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the contribution of body composition including skeletal muscle mass (SMM) and body fat mass (BFM) to longitudinal growth among children and adolescents aged 6–11 years old.MethodsThis cohort study was conducted from the annual health examination between 2019 and 2020. Annual height gain and weight gain and changes in SMM and BFM were calculated and compared between sexes, different nutritional status, and growth curve shifting mode. Spearman analyses and multiple linear regression analysis were performed to identify the impact of SMM, BFM, or body mass index (BMI) on height gain.ResultsOf the 584 subjects, the annual height gains of boys (4.76 cm in the 6–9-year group and 4.63 cm in the 10–11-year group) were significantly lower than those of girls (5.48 and 5.74 cm, respectively). Spearman analysis showed that SMM gain and height gain were positively and significantly correlated in each examination of all children (r = 0.535 for boys and 0.734 for girls, p < 0.001). Conversely, BFM and height gains were negatively (r = -0.5240 for boys and -0.232 for girls, p < 0.001) correlated. Multiple linear regression analysis identified SMM gain as an independent predictor (95% CI: 1.20,1.44) of height gain after adjusting for age, gender, BMI, BFM gain, and percentage of body fat (PBF).ConclusionSMM gains, rather than BFM gains, were associated with height gains in children and adolescents aged 6–11 years. Monitoring SMM changes in routine healthcare might motivate children and adolescents to achieve dietary and exercise recommendations, thereby growing taller without gaining excessive weight.

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“…A study examining the growth velocity among school-aged children with different BMI categories found that obesity was associated with higher annual weight gain and height gain between 6 and 13 years of age. However, overweight and obese girls between 9 and 13 years of age had less linear growth velocity than underweight girls at the same interval, suggesting that puberty may have a greater influence on growth velocity than BMI in girls entering pubertal age [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Nutritional interventions and BMI dynamics: A comprehensive analysis of growth outcomes in pediatric populations

Ashraf Soliman,

Fawzia Alyafei,

Nada Soliman

et al. 2024

World J. Adv. Res. Rev.

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Introduction: This review article emphasizes the significance of Body Mass Index (BMI) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF1) in evaluating pediatric growth outcomes, particularly for those at risk of undernutrition. The review explores the long-term health consequences of early BMI trajectories, especially their association with cardiometabolic profiles in adulthood. The article also examines the correlation between BMI, insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), and growth velocity, focusing on their complex interactions in malnourished and obese pediatric populations. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted using PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus from 1985 to 2024, focusing on BMI, height growth velocity, IGF1 levels, and the effects of nutritional interventions on pediatric growth outcomes. Studies were included if they focused on children aged 0-18 years and evaluated the impact of BMI and/or nutritional interventions on growth outcomes, with English language articles being prioritized. Review Results: A total of 15 studies involving 4737 participants were analyzed. The review highlights significant findings including the normalization of growth hormone (GH)-IGF axis post nutritional rehabilitation in malnourished children, the rapid response of IGF-1 levels to nutritional interventions, and the influence of protein-rich diets on catch-up growth. Studies also showed that early nutritional support, particularly through human milk, significantly affects IGF-1 levels and that dietary protein intake correlates with IGF-I concentrations and growth in toddlers. Long-term studies indicated that severe malnutrition can have enduring metabolic effects, necessitating sustained nutritional strategies. Discussion: The review highlights the significance of early nutritional support and its impact on IGF-1 levels, which are crucial for healthy growth trajectories. The findings advocate for careful monitoring of early growth rates to optimize long-term health outcomes and stress the importance of adequate protein intake during early childhood. Conclusions: A balanced approach to nutrition, focusing on the interplay between BMI, growth velocities, and IGF1 levels, is crucial in pediatric care. Strategic nutritional interventions, especially those rich in protein, can effectively manage growth outcomes across different BMI categories and improve health trajectories in pediatric populations. This review underscores the need for comprehensive strategies to address nutritional deficiencies and manage growth effectively from infancy through adolescence

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Comparison of Growth Velocity Among School Age Children With Different Body Mass Index From Childhood Into Early Adolescence in Hualien County, Taiwan: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Cited by 3 publications

References 32 publications

Sex-Specific Temporal Trends in Overweight and Obese Among Schoolchildren From 2009 to 2018: An Age Period Cohort Analysis

Sex-Specific Temporal Trends in Overweight and Obese Among Schoolchildren From 2009 to 2018: An Age Period Cohort Analysis

The Different Effects of Skeletal Muscle and Fat Mass on Height Increment in Children and Adolescents Aged 6–11 Years: A Cohort Study From China

Nutritional interventions and BMI dynamics: A comprehensive analysis of growth outcomes in pediatric populations

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