Comparison of gut bacterial communities and their associations with host diets in four fruit borers

Liu, Yanjun; Shen, Zhizhang; Yu, Jianmei; Li, Zhen; Liu, Xiaoxia; Xu, Huiling

doi:10.1002/ps.5646

Cited by 55 publications

(114 citation statements)

References 65 publications

(129 reference statements)

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“…Enterococcus in gypsy moth L. dispar and spruce budworm Choristoneura fumiferana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) protects their hosts from Bacillus thuringiensis and grows normally in chlorpyrifos ethyl, lambda-cyhalothrin, spinosad, and lufenuron selective medium ( van Frankenhuyzen et al, 2010 ; Almeida et al, 2017 ), suggesting that they play a role in the tolerance to toxic substances. Liu et al (2019) found low abundance of Enterococcus in the gut of fifth-instar larvae of fruit-feeding G. molesta but higher abundance in shoot-feeding G. molesta , which was not consistent with our findings. We speculate that this may due to differences in diet or habitat.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…Considering that the larval stage of Lepidoptera ingests a large number of plant materials and fruits, the microbes that are highly abundant in early-instar larvae may enable the host to better adjust to various environments, such as metabolizing insecticides or interfering with potentially pathogenic microbes present in its food. A previous work found that Proteobacteria, followed by Firmicutes, were the major phyla present in the gut of G. molesta larvae feeding on fruits or shoots ( Liu et al, 2019 ). Our study showed that Proteobacteria and Firmicutes were the dominant phyla at each life stage of G. molesta .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The high abundance of Gluconobacter and Pantoea in early-instar larvae of G. molesta may help them fight pathogens and obtain nutrients. Enterococcus has been found to be one of the dominant gut microorganisms and presents at high frequency in other Lepidoptera insects, such as Cydia pomonella (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae; Liu et al, 2019 ), Lymantria dispar (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae; Broderick et al, 2004 ), Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae; Xiang et al, 2006 ), and S. littoralis ( Chen et al, 2016 ; Shao et al, 2017 ), suggesting that Enterococcus may perform some conserved functions in these highly phytophagous insects. For example, a stable isotope labeling-based approach indicates high metabolic activity of Enterococcus mundtii inside its host S. littoralis ( Shao et al, 2014 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Variability of Gut Microbiota Across the Life Cycle of Grapholita molesta (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)

et al. 2020

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Grapholita molesta , the oriental fruit moth, is a serious global pest of many Rosaceae fruit trees. Gut microorganisms play important roles in host nutrition, digestion, detoxification, and resistance to pathogens. However, there are few studies on the microbiota of G. molesta , particularly during metamorphosis. Here, the diversity of gut microbiota across the holometabolous life cycle of G. molesta was investigated comprehensively by Illumina high-throughput sequencing technology. The results showed that the microbiota associated with eggs had a high number of operational taxonomic units (OTUs). OTU and species richness in early-instar larvae (first and second instars) were significantly higher than those in late-instar larvae (third to fifth instars). Species richness increased again in male pupae and adults, apparently during the process of metamorphosis, compared to late-instar larvae. Proteobacteria and Firmicutes were the dominant phyla in the gut and underwent notable changes during metamorphosis. At the genus level, gut microbial community shifts from Gluconobacter and Pantoea in early-instar larvae to Enterococcus and Enterobacter in late-instar larvae and to Serratia in pupae were apparent, in concert with host developmental changes. Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) and linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) analyses confirmed the differences in the structure of gut microbiota across different developmental stages. In addition, sex-dependent bacterial community differences were observed. Microbial interaction network analysis showed different correlations among intestinal microbes at each developmental stage of G. molesta , which may result from the different abundance and diversity of gut microbiota at different life stages. Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States (PICRUSt) analysis indicated that most functional prediction categories of gut microbiota were related to membrane transport, carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism, and DNA replication and repair. Bacteria isolated by conventional culture-dependent methods belonged to Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Actinobacteria, which was consistent with high-throughput sequencing results. In conclusion, exploration of gut bacterial community composition in the gut of G. molesta should shed light into deeper understanding about the intricate associations between microbiota and host and might provide clues to the development of novel pest management strategies against fruit borers.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Variability of Gut Microbiota Across the Life Cycle of Grapholita molesta (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)

et al. 2020

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“…In this study, we found that the gut microbiota of PFM and OFM was dominated by Proteobacteria and Firmicutes, which is similar to the situation found in Y. Liu et al (25) and Y. Li et al (24), and in other lepidopterans such as Lymantria dispar , Helicoverpa armigera , and Bombyx mori (26–29). However, there was a difference between PFM and OFM and other lepidopterans at the genus level.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…The concealed lifestyle and wide range of host plant species used by these species make them useful to understand factors affecting their gut microbiota. Previous studies found that larvae of these two moths harbor a high diversity and richness of bacteria (24, 25), but it is not yet clear the two species are more likely to share the same gut microbores when they live in the same orchard and on the same host plant species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Similar gut bacterial microbiota in two fruit-feeding moth pests collected from different host species and locations

Gong

Cao

Chen

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Numerous gut microbes are associated with insects, but their composition remains largely unknown for many insect groups, along with factors influencing their composition. Here, we compared gut bacterial microbiota of two co-occurring agricultural pests, the peach fruit moth (PFM) and the oriental fruit moth (OFM), collected from different orchards and host plant species. Gut microbiota of both species was mainly composed of bacteria from Proteobacteria, followed by Firmicutes. The two species shared bacteria from the genera Pseudomonas, Gluconobacter, Acetobacter, and Pantoea, although endosymbiotic Wolbachia was the most abundant genus in PFM and Lactobacillus was the most abundant in OFM. PFM tended to have lower diversity and richness of gut microbiota than OFM; however, only some of the comparisons were statistically significant. Orchards can influence gut microbiota in terms of richness, particularly for PFM, but not so much for diversity parameters. Functional prediction of gut microbiota showed that the top pathways are amino acid metabolism, translation, and membrane transport in both species, but their abundance varied between the two moth species. These results show that two fruit moths share many features of gut microbiota, and the bacterial species are relatively stable within moth species even when they use different host plants. Our study suggests that fruit-feeding behavior may play a role in shaping gut microbiota of the two fruit moths, which may provide microbial targets for pest control.ImportanceUnderstanding the associated microbes with insects can point to new targets for pest control. Here we compared bacterial community in the gut of two co-occurring agricultural pests, the peach fruit moth (PFM) and the oriental fruit moth (OFM), collected from different orchards and host plant species. We found that the bacterial genera Pseudomonas, Gluconobacter, Acetobacter, and Pantoea are abundant and shared in two moths. The composition of the bacterial species is relatively stable within moth species even when they use different host plants, indicating that the gut microbiota community in the PFM and OFM is likely to be related to their fruit-feeding behavior. The findings have implications for developing novel pest control approaches by targeting gut microbes associated with the two moths.

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Laboratory and field studies supporting augmentation biological control of oriental fruit moth, Grapholita molesta (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), using Trichogramma dendrolimi (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae)

Zhang

Tang

Fang

et al. 2021

Pest Management Science

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BACKGROUND Oriental fruit moth, Grapholita molesta (Busck) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) is a cosmopolitan pests of fruit trees in temperate regions. Control of G. molesta is challenging because larvae feed in concealed locations and have evolved resistance to many pesticides. We compared three commercially available species of Trichogramma for efficacy against G. molesta in the laboratory assays and tested releases of the promising species in a pear orchard. RESULTS Laboratory assays indicated that Trichogramma dendrolimi parasitized G. molesta at the highest rate. Parasitoids took longer to oviposit in older host eggs, and fewer eggs were parasitized when they were more than 3 days old. Field tests produced ca 60% cumulative parasitism of sentinel G. molesta eggs with one release of Trichogramma dendrolimi, with most parasitism occurring within 24 h. Female wasps dispersed up to 12 m from release points with a bias toward upwind movement. CONCLUSION We calculated that, for each generation of G. molesta, 900 000 wasps per hectare, in three releases 3 days apart, each distributed among release points 10 m apart, would reduce fruit damage by half in an orchard where 50% of fruit would otherwise be damaged. Although augmentation of Trichogramma dendrolimi is a viable tactic for reducing G. molesta populations and fruit damage, it will require integration with other compatible control tactics in order to provide commercially acceptable levels of control in orchards experiencing significant pest pressure. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry

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Comparison of gut bacterial communities and their associations with host diets in four fruit borers

Cited by 55 publications

References 65 publications

Variability of Gut Microbiota Across the Life Cycle of Grapholita molesta (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)

Variability of Gut Microbiota Across the Life Cycle of Grapholita molesta (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)

Similar gut bacterial microbiota in two fruit-feeding moth pests collected from different host species and locations

Laboratory and field studies supporting augmentation biological control of oriental fruit moth, Grapholita molesta (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), using Trichogramma dendrolimi (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae)

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