Comparison of heat-transfer performance of a flat-plate pulsating heat pipe based on heating orientation and cross-sectional shape of the pipe

Abstract

The effects of cross-sectional shapes of flat-plate pulsating heat pipes (PHPs) on heat-transfer performance were experimentally investigated. The flat-plate PHP, made of aluminum alloy, has a closed-end serpentine channel with 22 turns. Four PHP samples with different channel shape (square or circular), the hydraulic diameter of the channel (1 or 1.2 mm), and plate thickness (3 or 2 mm) were prepared. The working fluid in the channel is R1336mzz(Z), and its filling ratio was increased from 30 mass% to 70 mass% in increments of 10 mass%. The heating section of the PHP is heated at power from 20 to 180 W in one of three heating orientations (vertical bottom, top, and horizontal) and the cooling section of the PHP is kept at 40 °C. Equivalent thermal conductivity is calculated from temperature on the surface of the PHP and heat transport rate. The experimental results indicate that the larger the cross-sectional area of the channel-wall material, the more likely it is that working-fluid oscillation will occur in the case of the top and horizontal heating orientations. Within the scope of this study, The PHP sample with a 1.2×1.2-mm square channel, the thickness of 3 mm, and filling ratio of 40 mass% has the highest equivalent thermal conductivity, namely, 2880 W/(m･K) at heat-transport rate Q of 146 W in topheating orientation, 2750 W/(m･K) at Q = 146 W in horizontal-heating orientation, and 6540 W/(m･K) at Q = 36 W in bottom-heating orientation. As for that PHP, when Q is 80 W or more, equivalent thermal conductivities are the same regardless of heating orientation. It is thus considered that under that condition, working-fluid behaviors of the PHP become equivalent regardless of the heating orientation.

Simulation of, Optimization of, and Experimentation with Small Heat Pipes Produced Using Selective Laser Melting Technology

“…The research also examined the maximum power at which the heat pipes operate. Ultimately, the results indicated that changes in shape had a minimal impact on the heat transfer capability when the power reached 80 W [11]. Cristiano Enke and his team developed a mathematical model for an aluminum-ammonia axially grooved heat pipe.…”