Comparison of hematological parameters with peripheral smear in anemia

Abstract

Background: Being one of the most common disorder faced by our society, the correct diagnosis of anemia is important for better clinical outcome. Aim & Objectives: The present study was designed to find out the association between cell counter generated hematological parameters and peripheral smear findings in the diagnosis of anemia. Material and Methods: This study was carried out in a tertiary care hospital in South India. 110 patients with low Hb level with reference to age and sex were selected for the comparison of PS findings with that of cell counter parameters. Results: Among 110 cases 56 (50.9%) were females and 54 (49.1%) were males and the common age group affected is elderly >60 years (33 out of 110 cases, 30%) followed by patients in 4 th and 5 th decades (32 out of 110, 29%).Milder forms of anemia was seen to be common in females, while severe anemia was seen more in males. The most common morphological type of anemia was normocytic normochromic anemia (57%) followed by microcytic hypochromic anemia (44%). Among the 57% of normocytic normochromic anemia cases, 41(72%) cases were males and among the 44% of microcytic hypochromic anemia, 36 (82%) cases were females. There were few discrepancies between the diagnosis anemias on peripheral smear and cell counter generated parameters. 41 cases of Microcytic hypochromic anemia had high RDW which is normally expected but 29 cases of Normocytic normochromic anemia showed raised RDW. However the mean RDW value among the cases of microcytic hypochromic anemia and normocytic normochromic anemia with raised RDW was 17.7% and 14.1% respectively. Conclusion: Despite all the advances in laboratory sciences, peripheral smear examination remains an important diagnostic tool in diagnosis of anemia.

Correlation of Manual Peripheral Blood Smear Examination with RBC Indices and Histograms Obtained from an Automated Hematological Analyzer in Anemic Patients at Jimma Medical Center, Southwest Ethiopia, 2022

“…The findings differ from a study conducted by Samly D, et al [31] in which the most common morphological type of anemia was normocytic normochromic anemia in 57.0% of cases. This difference may be due to the difference in the study area; according to Samly D, et al [31] chronic kidney disease and decreased marrow response were the major causes of normocytic normochromic anemia in India and the sample size difference may be another reason for the varation, in the study of Samly D, et al [31] 110 samples were used, which were half of the sample size of this study.…”

“…On the other hand, in contrast to the PBS examination, the predominant anemia with the findings of the red cell indices obtained from the automated hematological analyzer was normocytic normochromic anemia, which was in 48.0% of cases. These findings were comparable with the study conducted by Samly D, et al [31] in which normocytic normochromic anemia was the predominant anemia, followed by microcytic hypochromic anemia, by the automated hematological analyzer. However, the findings of this research were different from a study conducted by Jain A, et al [28], Singhal S, et al [8], Jansari T, et al [29], Garg M, et al [32], and Ashok C, et al [30] in which microcytic hypochromic anemia was the predominant anemia followed by normocytic normochromic anemia by the result of red cell indices obtained from an automated hematology analyzer.…”

A Comparative Study of Peripheral Smear Findings with RBC Indices and Automated Analyzer Generated RBC Histograms in the Diagnosis of Anemia's

“…In our study, it was observed that on peripheral smear study, normocytic normochromic anemia (54.4%) was the most common type followed by microcytic hypochromic anemia, macrocytic anemia, and dimorphic anemia. Similar to the present study, correlated with previous studies conducted by Samly et al,19 61 (55.4%) out of 110 patients had normocytic normochromic anemia, and Agarwal A, 18 40 (40%) out of 100 patients had normocytic normochromic anemia. Normocytic normochromic anemia was the most common type of anemia in the present study, and the most common cause of this was acute and chronic blood loss (►Table 4).…”