Comparison of hepatitis E virus genotypes from rabbits and pigs in the same geographic area: No evidence of natural cross-species transmission between the two animals

Yang, Geng; Zhang, Hongxin; Jun, Li; Huang, Weijin; Harrison, Tim J.; Zhao, Chenyan; Zhou, Yan-Chun; Lian, Haichen; Wang, Youchun

doi:10.1016/j.meegid.2012.11.006

Cited by 22 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Conversely, rabbit HEV strains can infect pigs and macaques (213,214), and they can replicate in two human cancer cell lines (96), suggesting the ability to adapt to other mammalian hosts. A study in China found no evidence of natural crossspecies infection with rabbit HEV (93). However, a strain isolated from a human in France shared a 93-nucleotide insertion found in French rabbit strains, and it was more closely related to the rabbit strains (Ͼ80% identity) than to HEV genotypes 1 to 4 (95).…”

Section: Scope and Duration Of Protective Immunity To Hev Following Imentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The known animal reservoirs of HEV continue to multiply; novel members of the Hepeviridae have been detected in wild and farmed rabbits, wild rats, birds, bats, and trout (13,15,(88)(89)(90)(91)(92)(93)(94)(95)(96)(97)(98)(99)(100)(101)(102)(103)(104)(105)(106). Of these, only rabbit HEV strains have been shown to share a close phylogenetic relationship and possess antigenic similarity to human-and swine-associated HEV strains.…”

Section: Epidemiologic Patterns Of Hepatitis E Virus Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of these, only rabbit HEV strains have been shown to share a close phylogenetic relationship and possess antigenic similarity to human-and swine-associated HEV strains. Newly identified rabbit HEV strains appear to share a common ancestor with HEV-3 based on whole-genome and open reading frame 2 (ORF2) sequence comparisons (88,93). However, rabbit strains contain an ϳ90-nucleotide insertion in ORF1 and cluster separately from most human and swine HEV-3 strains (88,95,100).…”

Section: Epidemiologic Patterns Of Hepatitis E Virus Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Host Immune Status and Response to Hepatitis E Virus Infection

2014

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SUMMARY Hepatitis E virus (HEV), identified over 30 years ago, remains a serious threat to life, health, and productivity in developing countries where access to clean water is limited. Recognition that HEV also circulates as a zoonotic and food-borne pathogen in developed countries is more recent. Even without treatment, most cases of HEV-related acute viral hepatitis (with or without jaundice) resolve within 1 to 2 months. However, HEV sometimes leads to acute liver failure, chronic infection, or extrahepatic symptoms. The mechanisms of pathogenesis appear to be substantially immune mediated. This review covers the epidemiology of HEV infection worldwide, the humoral and cellular immune responses to HEV, and the persistence and protection of antibodies produced in response to both natural infection and vaccines. We focus on the contributions of altered immune states (associated with pregnancy, human immunodeficiency virus [HIV], and immunosuppressive agents used in cancer and transplant medicine) to the elevated risks of chronic infection (in immunosuppressed/immunocompromised patients) and acute liver failure and mortality (among pregnant women). We conclude by discussing outstanding questions about the immune response to HEV and interactions with hormones and comorbid conditions. These questions take on heightened importance now that a vaccine is available.

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Section: Scope and Duration Of Protective Immunity To Hev Following Imentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Epidemiologic Patterns Of Hepatitis E Virus Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Epidemiologic Patterns Of Hepatitis E Virus Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Host Immune Status and Response to Hepatitis E Virus Infection

2014

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“…Seroepidemiological studies demonstrate a high prevalence of HEV in pig populations in almost all regions of the world [11]. While in Europe and the USA HEV-3 is found in pigs, in China and Japan both HEV-3 and HEV-4 are prevalent [16,88,89,90,91]. Phylogenetic studies of these HEV isolates indicate high heterogeneity of the sequences of both genotypes.…”

Section: Current Knowledge About the Pathogenmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Transmission experiments showed that some pigs infected with rbHEV-3 developed viraemia and shed virus with faeces [19]. However, epidemiologic studies showed that no transmission of rbHEV to pigs took place under natural conditions [88]. Phylogenetic analyses of rbHEV and a human HEV isolate suggest that rbHEV is able to infect humans [127].…”

Section: Current Knowledge About the Pathogenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis E Virus

Pauli¹,

Aepfelbacher

Bauerfeind

et al. 2015

Transfus Med Hemother

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Hepatitis E virus infection in farmed rabbits and swine in the Eastern Chinese city Lianyungang: Showing no potential interspecies transmission

Han

Zeng

Liu

et al. 2014

Journal of Medical Virology

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Rabbit HEV isolated recently from farmed rabbits in China has been shown experimentally to be able to infect both cynomolgus macaques and pigs. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the extent to which cross-species transmission of rabbit HEV in farm settings is a significant factor in the spread of this zoonotic infection. Rabbit and swine feces were collected from the same area in Eastern China (Lianyungang City) and analyzed by RT-PCR. Partial genome sequencing of a 365 bp region of ORF2 from the HEV positive rabbit samples revealed that they had 92-99% sequence identity with rabbit strains (rbIM163-c1 and rbIM004) isolated from Inner Mongolia. Similarly, sequencing of a 765 bp region of ORF2 of HEV positive swine samples showed 96-98% sequence identity with genotype 4d isolates collected from patients in the Yantai and Nanjing regions of China. By contrast, the sequence identity between the rabbit and swine isolates was only 73-75%, with no molecular biological evidence of interspecies transmission having occurred. It is concluded that whilst interspecies infection with rabbit HEV can be achieved experimentally, in the field it is not a significant factor in zoonotic disease transmission at least in the area of China where this study was undertaken.

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Comparison of hepatitis E virus genotypes from rabbits and pigs in the same geographic area: No evidence of natural cross-species transmission between the two animals

Cited by 22 publications

References 24 publications

Host Immune Status and Response to Hepatitis E Virus Infection

Host Immune Status and Response to Hepatitis E Virus Infection

Hepatitis E Virus

Hepatitis E virus infection in farmed rabbits and swine in the Eastern Chinese city Lianyungang: Showing no potential interspecies transmission

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