1998
DOI: 10.1029/98wr00917
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Comparison of hydrochemical tracers to estimate source contributions to peak flow in a small, forested, headwater catchment

Abstract: Abstract. Three-component (throughfall, soil water, groundwater) hydrograph separations at peak flow were performed on 10 storms over a 2-year period in a small forested catchment in north-central Maryland using an iterative and an exact solution.Seven pairs of tracers (deuterium and oxygen 18, deuterium and chloride, deuterium and sodium, deuterium and silica, chloride and silica, chloride and sodium, and sodium and silica) were used for three-component hydrograph separation for each storm at peak flow to det… Show more

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Cited by 179 publications
(161 citation statements)
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“…The findings of this current paper were also supported by results from several other hydrochemical (and isotopic) studies that found old water and subsurface flow to be the major (more than 50 %) component of stormflow in different hydro-climatic rainfall (e.g. Sklash et al, 1976;Sklash and Farvolden, 1979;Kennedy et al, 1986;Rice and Hornberger, 1998;Didszun and Uhlenbrook, 2008;Hrachowitz et al, 2011). Our results are in line with Mul et al (2008) who did a similar study in a semi-arid area using hydrochemical tracers for hydrograph separation and found that over 95 % of the discharge could be attributed to sub-surface runoff during smaller events, while the remainder was due to faster surface runoff processes.…”
Section: Quantification Of Runoff Components and Processes In A Meso-supporting
confidence: 75%
“…The findings of this current paper were also supported by results from several other hydrochemical (and isotopic) studies that found old water and subsurface flow to be the major (more than 50 %) component of stormflow in different hydro-climatic rainfall (e.g. Sklash et al, 1976;Sklash and Farvolden, 1979;Kennedy et al, 1986;Rice and Hornberger, 1998;Didszun and Uhlenbrook, 2008;Hrachowitz et al, 2011). Our results are in line with Mul et al (2008) who did a similar study in a semi-arid area using hydrochemical tracers for hydrograph separation and found that over 95 % of the discharge could be attributed to sub-surface runoff during smaller events, while the remainder was due to faster surface runoff processes.…”
Section: Quantification Of Runoff Components and Processes In A Meso-supporting
confidence: 75%
“…Even less published work aimed at actually quantifying and interpreting different sources of uncertainty (Uhlenbrook and Hoeg, 2003), particularly resulting from such multiple tracer applications (e.g. Rice and Hornberger, 1998). Independently using multiple tracers, they reported widely varying estimates of "groundwater" contribution, i.e.…”
Section: Wider Implications and Conclusionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…However, such studies are frequently based on single-tracer analysis, not exploring the potentially considerable uncertainties (cf. Rice and Hornberger, 1998) arising when using multiple tracers to determine specific runoff components.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…whether it behaves conservatively and any rates of degassing or decay), variations in river geochemistry may be used to estimate groundwater inflows to rivers (e.g. Rice and Hornberger, 1998;Stewart et al, 2007;Gonzalez et al, 2009;Sanford et al, 2012;Cartwright et al, 2011;Hrachowitz et al, 2011;Cook, 2013). Given that some delayed sources of water such as bank storage are likely to be geochemically similar to the surface water from which they are derived, chemical mass balances may yield estimates of groundwater inflows rather than the total baseflow flux (McCallum et al, 2010).…”
Section: Cartwright Et Al: Contrasts Between Estimates Of Baseflowmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…As discussed by Hall (1968), Brodie et al (2007), and Schwartz (2007) these two components may include water from several sources. The quickflow component will include event water but can also include older water displaced from soils and the unsaturated zone, groundwater mobilised by hydraulic loading due to recharge on the floodplains or groundwater displaced from perched aquifers (Sklash and Farvolden, 1979;Rice and Hornberger, 1998;Anderson and Burt, 1980;Wittenberg and Sivapalan, 1999;Kirchner, 2009;Hrachowitz et al, 2011;Zabaleta and Antiguedad, 2013). In gaining river systems, baseflow will include inputs from regional groundwater but may also include interflow, the return of water from bank storage, or draining of pools on the floodplain (Chen et al, 2006;McCallum et al, 2010;Hrachowitz et al, 2011), and these components may change in importance at different times of the hydrological cycle or during wet or dry years (Aubert et al, 2012).…”
Section: Cartwright Et Al: Contrasts Between Estimates Of Baseflowmentioning
confidence: 99%