Comparison of immunodiffusion techniques with standard complement fixation assay for quantitation of coccidioidal antibodies

Wieden, Marion A.; Galgiani, John N.; Pappagianis, D.

doi:10.1128/jcm.18.3.529-534.1983

Cited by 45 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Filtrates of spent medium from mycelial growth and tolueneinduced lysates of mycelia were prepared as described previously (29,35). Both were found to possess complement fixing-type and tube precipitin-type antigens by standard agar double-diffusion techniques (22,38).…”

Section: Materuils and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An arthroconidial-spherule antigen of Coccidioides immitis: differential expression during in vitro fungal development and evidence for humoral response in humans after infection or vaccination

et al. 1992

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A 33-kDa protein antigen purified from spherules of Coccidioides immitis was analyzed for ultrastructural localization and for binding to serum antibodies from infected or immunized humans. By using colloidal gold detection of affinity-purified anti-33-kDa protein antibodies, electron photomicrographs showed binding to the inner cell wall of arthroconidia and spherules and to the septa and glycocalyx surrounding endospores. Enzyme immunoassay measurements also demonstrated that the antigen was most abundant in mature spherules. Of 37 patients with coccidioidomycosis but without concurrent human immunodeficiency virus infections, all but 2 demonstrated immunoglobulin M (IgM) (usually with early infection) or IgG antibodies for the 33-kDa antigen.In contrast, only one of four HIV-infected patients with active coccidioidal infections demonstrated antibody. On the other hand, 107 of 108 patients without evident coccidioidomycosis and 15 of 16 patients with histoplasmosis did not have similar antibodies, indicating a high degree of specificity. Immunization of humans with a spherule vaccine produced IgM responses to this antigen that were not evident in placebo recipients.The immune responses resulting from infection with Coc-

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Section: Materuils and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An arthroconidial-spherule antigen of Coccidioides immitis: differential expression during in vitro fungal development and evidence for humoral response in humans after infection or vaccination

et al. 1992

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“…Enzyme immunoassays (EIAs) are available commercially and are probably more sensitive than other tests, but there are occasional false-positive results, especially for immunoglobulin M. The gold standard complement fixation (CF) test 35 is less widely available and has been replaced in our institution by an immunodiffusion (ID) assay. 36 The CF and ID tests (as well as EIA) can be titered, and higher titers (typically >1:16) are correlated with disseminated disease. However, in our experience, about half of patients had a negative serologic test or a titer <1:8 at the time of initial presentation.…”

Section: Life Cycle Of the Coccidioides Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Musculoskeletal Coccidioidomycosis

Taljanovic¹,

Adam²

2011

Semin Musculoskelet Radiol

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Coccidioidomycosis (valley fever) is a systemic fungal infection caused by soil fungi, Coccidioides species, and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. This infection is endemic in northern Mexico, the southwestern United States, and parts of Central and South America. The risk factors include ethnicity (especially African and Pacific Island ancestry), male gender, and immunosuppression. The primary infection occurs in lungs, but fewer than 40% of patients are symptomatic. Fewer than 1% of infections result in disseminated disease, which may involve any organ. Skeletal infection occurs in 10 to 50% of these patients and is frequently multicentric with axial skeleton involvement. The diagnosis can be confirmed by culture of the organism or visual detection from cytological or histological specimens obtained from sites of disease. A presumptive diagnosis can be made in patients with a compatible illness and a positive serologic test. Imaging plays a significant role in diagnosis and follow-up treatment of musculoskeletal coccidioidomycosis and includes radiography, magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography, and bone scintigraphy. Skeletal coccidioidomycosis is difficult to treat and frequently requires a combination of medical therapy and surgical debridement. Medical therapy must be continued for a prolonged period of time, potentially for a lifetime in some patients.

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“…The double immunodiffusion technique was used to measure tube precipitin-type and complement fixing-type anti-coccidioidal antibodies (12,13). Serum samples qualitatively positive for complement fixing-type anti-coccidioidal antibodies were retested quantitatively (14). Anti-coccidioidal immunoglobulin M (IgM) and IgG antibodies were measured by enzyme-linked immunoassay by using a commercial kit according to the manufacturer's instructions (Coccidioides EIA-Gold, Meridian Diagnostics, Cincinnati OH, USA) (15).…”

Section: Serologic Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Coccidioidomycosis as a Common Cause of Community-acquired Pneumonia

Valdivia

Nix

Wright

et al. 2006

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

248

151

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The early manifestations of coccidioidomycosis (valley fever) are similar to those of other causes of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). Without specific etiologic testing, the true frequency of valley fever may be underestimated by public health statistics. Therefore, we conducted a prospective observational study of adults with recent onset of a lower respiratory tract syndrome. Valley fever was serologically confirmed in 16 (29%) of 55 persons (95% confidence interval 16%–44%). Antimicrobial medications were used in 81% of persons with valley fever. Symptomatic differences at the time of enrollment had insufficient predictive value for valley fever to guide clinicians without specific laboratory tests. Thus, valley fever is a common cause of CAP after exposure in a disease-endemic region. If CAP develops in persons who travel or reside in Coccidioides-endemic regions, diagnostic evaluation should routinely include laboratory evaluation for this organism.

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Comparison of immunodiffusion techniques with standard complement fixation assay for quantitation of coccidioidal antibodies

Cited by 45 publications

References 5 publications

An arthroconidial-spherule antigen of Coccidioides immitis: differential expression during in vitro fungal development and evidence for humoral response in humans after infection or vaccination

An arthroconidial-spherule antigen of Coccidioides immitis: differential expression during in vitro fungal development and evidence for humoral response in humans after infection or vaccination

Musculoskeletal Coccidioidomycosis

Coccidioidomycosis as a Common Cause of Community-acquired Pneumonia

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