Comparison of induction during development between Xenopus tropicalis and Xenopus laevis

Sedohara, Ayako; Suzawa, Keiko; Asashima, Makoto

doi:10.1387/ijdb.052021as

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…5). This attraction to a cell type corresponding to each tissue has been confirmed by direct macroscopic observations of cells, and is consistent with the data obtained for the gene expression patterns (Sedohara et al, 2006). Even though some genes are artificially activated, the expression pattern eventually settles to that of a cell type in each tissue.…”

Section: Consequences Of the Developmental Potential Hypothesissupporting

confidence: 88%

“…In contrast to the abstract epigenetic landscape proposed by Waddington or the potential put forward by Yamada, our potential is derived explicitly from experimentation. Considering that development is a highly complicated process involving a large number of genes, it is rather remarkable that so many aspects of the developmental process can be explained in terms of a single potential V. Indeed, the success of the organogenesis experiment itself (Ariizumi et al, '91, 2003;Moriya et al, '93, 2000;Okabayashi and Asashima, 2003;Sedohara et al, 2006) suggests the existence of such a potential.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Developmental potential for morphogenesis in vivo and in vitro

et al. 2008

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Development is a complex process that involves differentiation into a variety of cell types. In spite of its complexity, the macroscopic pattern and cell types are robust to environmental and developmental perturbations. Even in vitro far from normal developmental conditions, ten normal tissues have been generated from Xenopus animal caps by successive treatment with activin and retinoic acid (RA). To describe both normal development and in vitro organogenesis, we introduce developmental potential following the pioneering study by Waddington. This potential value represents changeability of a cellular state, which decreases toward a local minimum through development. The attraction to a particular cell type through development is described as a process to decrease the potential value to its local minimum. By choosing an explicit potential form as a function of the concentrations of treated activin and RA, the concentration dependence of in vitro organogenesis is reproduced. The potential landscape is shown to have several local minima, each of which represents a stable cell type. This potential also explains why the induction of given tissues requires more treatment of activin at later stages. The consequences of the developmental potential hypothesis encompass the robustness of each tissue generation, the loss of competence through development, and the order of tissues in induction by tissues, which we have confirmed experimentally for in vitro organogenesis. The developmental potential hypothesis for a global description of early development is crucial to understanding the robustness of morphogenesis and explains the achievement of in vitro organogenesis using few molecules as well.

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Section: Consequences Of the Developmental Potential Hypothesissupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developmental potential for morphogenesis in vivo and in vitro

et al. 2008

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“…Animal cap cells of X. laevis and X. tropicalis display comparable competence in differentiation into mesodermal and endodermal tissues, when induced by activin, in a dose-dependent manner. Organizer and mesoderm markers are expressed in a similar temporal and dosedependent manner in tissues from both organisms [34].…”

Section: Examples Of Published Papersmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Antisense morpholino oligonucleotides will work in X. tropicalis in studies of loss of a specific gene activity during development. The animal cap cells from X. tropicalis have the same competence to differentiate into several different cell lineages in response to activin as those from X. laevis [34]. The transgenesis in X. tropicalis is enabled by microinjection of I-SceI-digested DNA construct into fertilized eggs (I-SceI meganuclease method) [28].…”

Section: What Is Xenopus Tropicalis?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Xenopus tropicalis: An Ideal Experimental Animal in Amphibia

Kashiwagi

Kurabayashi

et al. 2010

Exp. Anim.

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Studies using amphibians have contributed to the progress of life science including developmental biology and cell biology for more than one hundred years. Since the 1950s Xenopus laevis in particular has been used by scientists in many fields for experiments, resulting in the development of various techniques such as microsurgery on early embryos, biosynthesis of gene-encoded protein in oocytes by mRNA injection, misexpression experiments by mRNA injection into embryos, gene knockdown studies by injection of morpholino anti-sense oligonucleotide into fertilized eggs, transgenesis by the I-SceI meganuclease method, and so on. In this paper we will introduce Xenopus tropicalis as an alternative experimental animal. It has a shorter generation time and smaller diploid genome, together with whole-genome sequence data. The procedures available for Xenopus laevis can work well with Xenopus tropicalis, and embryos of both species develop at similar rates according to the developmental staging system of Nieuwkoop and Faber. Experimental systems of Xenopus tropicalis will pave the way for a new era of vertebrate genomics and genetics.

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“…The roles of activins in mesoderm induction and axis formation during the early stages of development have been studied in amphibian embryos (Asashima, 1994;Ariizumi and Asashima, 2001;Sedohara et al, 2006). Activin was found to induce a broader range of tissues, from ventral to dorsal types, in a gradient fashion depending on its concentration.…”

Section: Differentiation Of Cardiomyocytes By Activin Amentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel in vitro system for studying cardiomyocyte differentiation with medaka embryonic cells

Hyodo¹,

Makino

Awaji³

et al. 2009

Int. J. Dev. Biol.

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Our studies revealed that dissociated cells from medaka (the fresh-water fish, Oryzias latipes) blastula-stage embryos differentiate into many rhythmically contracting cells when incubated with a conditioned medium from a cell line. Analyses of these cells by immunostaining, electron microscopy, expression of marker genes, action potential recordings and pharmacological responses all showed the characteristics of myocardial cells. We succeeded in purifying the cardiac cell-inducing factor from the conditioned medium by 523,100-fold with 8% recovery of the protein. Analysis of its amino-acid sequence by mass spectrometry revealed the factor to be medaka activin A 2 (homodimer of inhibin β β β β βA 2 subunit). Recombinant human activin A showed the same cardiac cell-inducing activity toward medaka embryonic cells. Our results demonstrate that activin A is a potent factor for medaka myocardial cell differentiation. This culture method should provide a novel and simple experimental system to study cardiomyocyte differentiation in vitro.

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Comparison of induction during development between Xenopus tropicalis and Xenopus laevis

Cited by 7 publications

References 57 publications

Developmental potential for morphogenesis in vivo and in vitro

Developmental potential for morphogenesis in vivo and in vitro

Xenopus tropicalis: An Ideal Experimental Animal in Amphibia

A novel in vitro system for studying cardiomyocyte differentiation with medaka embryonic cells

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