Comparison of Industrial Quenching Oils

Abstract

This article is a response to the state of the art in monitoring the cooling capacity of quenching oils in industrial practice. Very often, a hardening shop requires a report with data on the cooling process for a particular quenching oil. However, the interpretation of the data can be rather difficult. The main goal of our work was to compare various criteria used for evaluating quenching oils. Those of which prove essential for operation in tempering plants would then be introduced into practice. Furthermore, the article describes monitoring the changes in the properties of a quenching oil used in a hardening shop, the effects of quenching oil temperature on its cooling capacity and the impact of the water content on certain cooling parameters of selected oils. Cooling curves were measured (including cooling rates and the time to reach relevant temperatures) according to ISO 9950. The hardening power of the oil and the area below the cooling rate curve as a function of temperature (amount of heat removed in the nose region of the Continuous cooling transformation - CCT curve) were calculated. V-values based on the work of Tamura, reflecting the steel type and its CCT curve, were calculated as well. All the data were compared against the hardness and microstructure on a section through a cylinder made of EN C35 steel cooled in the particular oil. Based on the results, criteria are recommended for assessing the suitability of a quenching oil for a specific steel grade and product size. The quenching oils used in the experiment were Houghto Quench C120, Paramo TK 22, Paramo TK 46, CS Noro MO 46 and Durixol W72.

Effects of Heat Treatment Process on Mechanical Properties of Medium Carbon Steel

“…Theoretically, the microstructure formed after oil quenching would change considerably with the appearance of semi-martensite transformed from austenite. However, in the case of S45C steel, the cooling rate in oil might be insufficient for martensitic transformation (Hajek et al, 2021). Therefore, the obtained microstructure was observed without an appearance of martensitic phase but a combination of residual austenite and pearlite was clearly seen.…”

Study of the Effect of Intensity of Vibrations and Temperature on the Cooling Characteristics of Quenching Media

“…synthetic cooling media for quenching are very diverse and sometimes contain by-products or wastes resulting from different industries [15]. Carboxymethyl cellulose is a cellulose gum derivative with carboxymethyl groups (-Ch2-Cooh) that results as a by-product of papermaking [16,17].…”