Comparison of Intentional Inhibition and Reactive Inhibition in Adolescents and Adults: An ERP Study

Shen, Yue; Zhao, Hui; Zhu, Jiayin; He, Yi; Zhang, Xue; Liu, Songhan; Chen, Jinghan

doi:10.1080/87565641.2020.1730376

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…This inhibition of a response set should have a larger effect on the reaction times for low-than high-frequency triplets given that the third elements in the low-frequency triplets are unexpected (e.g., 3 is unexpected after 2x). Therefore, reactive inhibition may affect the magnitude of the sequence-specific learning reported in Shen et al, 2020;van de Laar et al, 2011;Williams et al, 1999). Adults are more capable in response inhibition such that their reaction times for low-frequency triplets may not be affected as much as children's, leading to a larger magnitude of sequence-specific learning reported in children than adults in their studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, reactive inhibition may affect the magnitude of the sequence-specific learning reported in Janacsek et al’s, Juhasz et al’s, and Nemeth et al’s studies. Moreover, reactive inhibition is known to improve with age (e.g., Shen et al, 2020; van de Laar et al, 2011; Williams et al, 1999). Adults are more capable in response inhibition such that their RTs for low-frequency triplets may not be affected as much as children’s, leading to a larger magnitude of sequence-specific learning reported in children than adults in their studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Concurrent visual learning of adjacent and nonadjacent dependencies in adults and children.

Iao¹,

Roeser²,

Justice³

et al. 2021

Developmental Psychology

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Concurrent learning of adjacent and nonadjacent dependencies has been shown in adults only. This study extended this line of research by examining dependency-specific learning for both adjacent and nonadjacent dependencies concurrently in both adults and children. Seventy adults aged 18 to 64 (40 females, 30 males; Experiment 1) and 64 children aged 10 to 11 years (40 girls, 24 boys; Experiment 2) were tested with a new serial reaction time (SRT) task in which they were trained for 6 -8 minutes on materials comprising equally probable adjacent and nonadjacent dependencies. They were then asked to discriminate between trained and untrained dependencies in a familiarity task. Both adults and children showed implicit concurrent learning of both adjacent and nonadjacent dependencies. The two dependency types were learnt to the same extent. However, adults showed a rapid, sustainable and dependency-specific sensitivity throughout the SRT task while children only showed a dependency-specific sensitivity to violations of expectations after exposure. When the two groups were statistically compared, only adults showed a dependency-specific learning effect after exposure. These findings are in line with the age-related improvement model of dependency learning.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%