Comparison of kidney weight and volume to selected anatomical parameters in the adult female rhesus monkey (<i>Macaca mulatta</i>)

Hill, Lee Forrest; Hess, Kenneth R.; Stephens, L. Clifton; Tinkey, Peggy T.; Price, Roger E.

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0684.1999.tb00253.x

Cited by 6 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 23 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Whether a difference of 2 ml in renal volume is biologically significant is questionable. The fact that the method of estimating kidney volume was somewhat subjective may explain the difference, although the method we employed to measure volume has been commonly used [2,4,5,8,13].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The displaced water was then pipetted out of the cylinder and measured to estimate kidney volume. This method for determination of renal volume has been previously described [2,4,5,8,13]. Methods of radiographic measurement of the skull, left clavicle, and of the height of the body of the first lumbar vertebra (L1, not including the intervertebral disc space) have also been previously described [8].…”

Section: Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previously, we described a study that was undertaken to determine the normal distribution of renal weight and volume in the adult female rhesus monkey and to determine whether there is a direct correlation between renal size and selected anatomical parameters [8]. The findings of this study determined that there was no significant relationship between renal weight and volume and selected skeletal parameters (including the width of the skull and the lengths of the clavicle, humerus, and the first lumbar vertebra).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Correlation of kidney weight and volume and selected skeletal parameters to sex in the adult rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta)

Hill

Hess

Stephens

et al. 2001

J of Medical Primatology

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This report outlines a comparison of renal weight and volume and selected skeletal parameters to sex in 22 adult male and 156 adult female rhesus macaques. Means and standard deviations for kidney weight and volume, body weight, and radiographic measurements for both males and females are reported. Ninety-five percent confidence intervals and P-values for the mean differences between the sexes for these parameters were also compiled. Male monkeys were larger, but had kidneys of similar size to those of the females. Joint distributions of the radiographic measurements of the first lumbar vertebra and the skull showed that males were larger in both measurements. The distributions of these parameters were clearly separate in males and females, while joint distributions of kidney weight and volume for males and females overlapped almost completely. We found that, regardless of age, sex, weight, or skeletal size, all normal adult rhesus monkeys generally have similar-sized kidneys.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Correlation of kidney weight and volume and selected skeletal parameters to sex in the adult rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta)

Hill

Hess

Stephens

et al. 2001

J of Medical Primatology

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…1). This is probably because for adult macaques, the kidney volume is independent of the animal's sex, total body size, and weight (32,33). Accordingly, for a TFV dosage regimen that is based on body weight (as is common practice in veterinary medicine), a heavy (due to muscle, fat, or pregnancy) adult macaque will experience higher plasma TFV AUCs than a lighter adult animal with kidneys of a similar size.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic Administration of Tenofovir to Rhesus Macaques from Infancy through Adulthood and Pregnancy: Summary of Pharmacokinetics and Biological and Virological Effects

Rompay

Durand-Gasselin

Brignolo

et al. 2008

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

115

102

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The reverse transcriptase (RT) inhibitor tenofovir (TFV) is highly effective in the simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) macaque model of human immunodeficiency virus infection. The current report describes extended safety and efficacy data on 32 animals that received prolonged (>1-to 13-year) daily subcutaneous TFV regimens. The likelihood of renal toxicity (proximal renal tubular dysfunction [PRTD]) correlated with plasma drug concentrations, which depended on the dosage regimen and age-related changes in drug clearance. Below a threshold area under the concentration-time curve for TFV in plasma of ϳ10 g ⅐ h/ml, an exposure severalfold higher than that observed in humans treated orally with 300 mg TFV disoproxil fumarate (TDF), prolonged TFV administration was not associated with PRTD based on urinalysis, serum chemistry analyses, bone mineral density, and clinical observations. At low-dose maintenance regimens, plasma TFV concentrations and intracellular TFV diphosphate concentrations were similar to or slightly higher than those observed in TDF-treated humans. No new toxicities were identified. The available evidence does not suggest teratogenic effects of prolonged low-dose TFV treatment; by the age of 10 years, one macaque, on TFV treatment since birth, had produced three offspring that were healthy by all criteria up to the age of 5 years. Despite the presence of viral variants with a lysine-to-arginine substitution at codon 65 (K65R) of RT in all 28 SIV-infected animals, 6 animals suppressed viremia to undetectable levels for as long as 12 years of TFV monotherapy. In conclusion, these findings illustrate the safety and sustained benefits of prolonged TFV-containing regimens throughout development from infancy to adulthood, including pregnancy.Because at present it is not possible to cure human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, prolonged treatment with combinations of anti-HIV drugs is required in order to prevent disease progression. The feasibility of giving HIV-infected persons a normal life span through chronic treatment will be determined by a number of factors, including compliance and cost, but especially the long-term safety and efficacy of the drugs.The nucleotide reverse transcriptase (RT) inhibitor tenofovir {TFV; 9-[2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl]adenine}, in the form of its orally bioavailable prodrug TFV disoproxil fumarate (TDF), has become one of the most commonly used anti-HIV drugs due to its favorable efficacy and safety profile, based on data collected over more than 7 years for HIV-infected adults (12,24,35,37,47,49).The acyclic nucleoside phosphonates cidofovir, adefovir, and TFV are renally excreted by a combination of glomerular filtration and active tubular secretion (14,15,18,38). The effective uptake of acyclic nucleoside phosphonates by organic anion transporters in proximal tubules leads to accumulation in tubular cells and dose-limiting toxicity in animals (5, 63). Renal toxicity is usually manifested as renal insufficiency and proximal renal tubular dysfunction (PRTD). Dur...

show abstract

“…Hill et al (1999) em um estudo com 136 fêmeas de macacos rhesus (Macaca mulatta), concluiu que, apesar da diferença de idade e peso dos animais, os rins exibiram tamanho similar.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Estudo morfométrico de rins em felinos domésticos (Felis catus)

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ABSTRACT.-Agopian R.G., Guimarães K.P., Fernandes R.A., Silva M.V.M., Righetti M.M.S., Prisco C.R.D., Bombonato P.P. & Liberti E. A. 2016 Renal health has over the last few years called attention of veterinarians, because the chronic failure of the kidneyu is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in cats. This paper proposes biometric characterization of the kidneys from cats, Felis catus, on the macroscopic aspects (length, height, width, weight and volume), mesoscopic (height of the cortex and medulla, and their inter-relationship) and microscopic (glomerular volume) in order to establish possible differences arising from age, gender and bilateral symmetry. It where used 30 kidneys of animals from specie Felis catus (cat), 15 males and 15 females with ages between 3 months to 15 years, divided into three groups: group 1 (3-9 months), group 2 (3 -5 years) and group 3 (above 10 years). The kidneys were photographed, weighed, measured and processed for histology. The glomerular volume was obtained by stereology. The macroscopic data allowed to observe a morphometric and morphologic impartiality when compared sides, regardless of group and sex, about the length, height, width, weight and kidney volume. Significant difference was detected between males and females regardless of age for length, height, weight and volume, except for the width. There was a significant difference for all parameters considering the age: length, height, width, weight and volume. Wasnt detected signficant diferences between left and right kdney measurements of cortex, medulla and their inter-relationship, when considered bilateral symmetry. No difference was detected between males and females in mesoscopy in the cortex, medulla and cortex interrelationship cortex/medulla. Regarding age, the measurement of the height of the cortex and the interrelationship cortex/medulla showed a significant difference, but this difference was not established to the medulla of the kidney. Significant differences were found between groups, males and females, compared to the volume occupied by the glomerulus on the parenchyma renal. In all of biometric techniques there wasnt differences between right and left kidneys. The macroscopic measurements showed that males had larger kidney when compared length, height, width, weight and volume than females. The age range is directly related to the size of the kidney, which grows in all dimensions, gets heavier and with higher volume when compared young adults, and shows morphometry stability in relation to adults and senile. The renal parenchyma did not differ between the sexes, but the height of the cortex and the medulla ratio increases with age. The volume of the renal glomerulus is higher in males than in females and also increases in with the age. The kidneys showed a predominance of type I collagen in group 1 and 2, and type III collagen in group 3.

show abstract

Comparison of kidney weight and volume to selected anatomical parameters in the adult female rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta)

Cited by 6 publications

References 23 publications

Correlation of kidney weight and volume and selected skeletal parameters to sex in the adult rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta)

Correlation of kidney weight and volume and selected skeletal parameters to sex in the adult rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta)

Chronic Administration of Tenofovir to Rhesus Macaques from Infancy through Adulthood and Pregnancy: Summary of Pharmacokinetics and Biological and Virological Effects

Estudo morfométrico de rins em felinos domésticos (Felis catus)

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About