Comparison of lipid levels in the diabetic and non diabetic patients: a study in a tertiary care hospital

Abstract

Background: The incidence of coronary artery diseases is 3 to 5 times higher in both male and female diabetic patients compared to general population. Individuals with diabetes may have several forms of dyslipidemia leading to additive cardiovascular risk of hyperglycemia. This study was therefore conducted to identify the levels of lipidemia in the diabetic patients in our area. Methods: This study was conducted on 100 diabetic and 100 healthy patients, with 50 patients were males and 50 were females in both groups. Blood was collected in sodium fluoride tubes for all the patients for the estimation of glucose (both fasting and post prandial) and in serum tubes for lipids such as Triglycerides, Total cholesterol, High density cholesterol, Low density cholesterol and Very low density cholesterol. Results: The total cholesterol among the males who were diabetic was in the normal range in 46% and high in 20% of the patients. Among the control, i.e. non diabetic patients, 76% of them had total cholesterol in the normal range and high cholesterol levels were observed in only 8% of them. The levels of triglycerides, total cholesterol and LDL were significantly higher in the patients with diabetes, compared to the non diabetic patients. HDL in these patients was significantly low. Conclusions: The incidence of raised lipid levels in the diabetic patients is very high and since the elevated levels of lipids especially in these patients can lead to CHD and its complications, it is important for the monitoring of these levels throughout the course of the disease.Keywords: Coronary heart disease, Diabetes, Elevated lipid levels Veeramalla V et al. Int J Adv Med. 2017 Dec;4(6):1573-1577 International Journal of Advances in Medicine | November-December 2017 | Vol 4 | Issue 6 Page 1574 Type 2 diabetes is said to be associated with a cluster of interrelated plasma lipid and lipoprotein abnormalities, including reduced HDL cholesterol and elevated triglycerides.2 These abnormalities are seen in many patients in spite of normal LDL cholesterol levels. These changes are also seen in the insulin resistance syndrome which underlies in many cases of type 2 diabetes. The pre-diabetic individuals often exhibit an atherogenic pattern of risk factors that includes higher levels of total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and triglycerides and lower levels of HDL cholesterol than individuals who do not develop diabetes. 3,4 Insulin resistance has striking effects on lipoprotein particle concentrations for VLDL, LDL, and HDL. 5,6 The high risk status of these groups of patients and their need for more aggressive lipid lowering therapy have been recognized by both the National Cholesterol Education Program and American Diabetes Associations. 7,8 In 2000, diabetes mellitus was the third leading cause of mortality in some parts of the world, accounting for approximately 10% of all deaths, especially in those aged between 45-64 years. The number of diabetic patients in the world has been estimated more than 175 million. Diabetes mellitus ...

Dyslipidemia Among Diabetes Mellitus Patients: A Case-Control Study From a Tertiary Care Hospital in South India

“…An elevation in the activities of LDL-C (17.29% increase) and VLDL-C (30% increase) was observed in the present study which was in agreement with other previous studies [22,27,28].…”

Effect of Composite Flours of Finger Millet, Bambara Groundnut and ‘Khain’ (Lecaniodiscus Cupanioides) on Blood Glucose Response, Lipids, and Liver Enzymes of Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Rats

“…Reports also showed that BGN contains mono and polyunsaturated fatty acid, which helps to decrease level of LDL-C and increase levels of high density lipoprotein (HDL-C) in blood [54]. The levels of TCH and LDL-C in diabetic rats blood obtained in this study were within the acceptable level (200-239 mg/dl) and (100-159 mg/dl) respectively [55].…”

“…The non-diabetic rats group (Negative-Control) had the highest TGL value of 168.87 mg/dl (Table 3). Veeramalla and Madas, [55] also observed higher TGL levels in nondiabetic patients. Low TGL levels of the diabetic rat groups could be attributed to weight loss or possibly genetic [55].…”

“…Veeramalla and Madas, [55] also observed higher TGL levels in nondiabetic patients. Low TGL levels of the diabetic rat groups could be attributed to weight loss or possibly genetic [55].…”