Comparison of liquid culture methods and effect of temporary immersion bioreactor on growth and multiplication of banana (Musa, cv. Dwarf Cavendish)

Abstract

Four different liquids, as well as solid culture methods used in shoot propagation of banana were compared. Treatments studied were solid medium (A), liquid medium with immersion of plants (B), liquid medium with cotton culture support (C), liquid medium aerated by bubbling (D), and liquid medium with a temporary immersion bioreactor system (TIB) for 20 min every 1 h (E). After 4 weeks of culture, shoots in liquid medium with immersion and liquid medium aerated by bubbling showed none too little proliferation. Shoots in the solid medium and those cultured in liquid medium containing cotton culture supported played multiplication rates of 2.7 to 3.5 with the highest multiplication rate (> 7.00) observed in the explants that were subjected to the TIB in the medium. Three treated groups differed in the accumulation of dry matter; the lowest weight (around 0.6 g) was observed in treatments B and D, while 2 to 4 times greater accumulation was observed in the explants in the solid medium and those cultured in the liquid medium with a cotton culture support. The highest multiplication rates and weight gains were observed in the liquid medium with a TIB (E). Shoots in liquid medium continuously aerated by bubbling, displayed hyperhydricity of the outer leaf sheaths. However, this was not observed with temporary immersion of explants.

Temporary immersion systems to improve alder micropropagation

“…Ramos-Castellá et al (2014) observed a substantial increase in the multiplication rates using a liquid medium in vanilla. Similarly, Farahani and Majd (2012) in Musa spp., Arencibia et al (2013) in raspberry and Quiala et al (2012) in teak, managed to increase multiplication rates using TIS. In semisolid medium, the explants absorb the nutrients through the surface of the cut, and translocate the components by water movements from xylem to phloem.…”

Isolation of Protoplasts Banana (<i>Musa acuminate</i> Colla) cvs. Dwarf Cavendish and Valery and Research Morphological and Cytogenetic Their Plantlets Regenerated

“…Protoplast-derived microcolonies were individually picked up from filter paper layer and gently transferred onto regeneration medium P containing MS medium, 2 mg L 1 IAA, 3 mg L 1 BAP, and 7.5 g L 1 agarose (pH 5.7) (Farahani and Majd 2012). The plants were cultured under 16 h photoperiod (65 µmol m 2 s 1 ) and at 27 C.…”

Micropropagation of an endangered medicinal herb Chlorophytum borivilianum Sant. et Fernand. in bioreactor

“…Hyperhydricity induces morphogenic abnormalities in the developing plantlets (Haq and Dahot, 2007) and subsequently affect their survival. Attempts to control hyperhydric deformities have been largely focussed on better aeration and intermittent or partial plant submergence in the medium using temporary immersion bioreactors (Sajid and Pervaiz, 2008;Farahani and Majd, 2012). In the present study, the explants/growing shoots were supported by nylon mesh in the way that their lower part was continuously immersed in the culture medium, on the other hand, upper portion was exposed to air thus avoiding hyperhydricity of the growing shoots and also preventing sinking of the explants/growing shoots to the bottom of the culture vessel.…”

“…The aeration at the rate of 0.5 L/min and agitation at 75 rpm were found opti-mal for the shoot growth in the present investigation. Lack of oxygen in the liquid media containing small explants and asphyxia and hyperhydricity of explants as a results of immersion, are the major limiting factors to their growth (Farahani and Majd, 2012). Supply of compressed air inside the bioreactor chamber for decreasing humidity significantly reduced the hyperhydricity during the bioreactor culture of apple root stock 'M9 EMLA' plantlets (Chakrabarty et al, 2003).…”