Comparison of Liver Condemnation and Bile Microscopy As Tools to Estimate <i>Fasciola hepatica</i> Prevalence and Burden in the Anta Province of Cusco in Peru

Caravedo, Maria A.; White, A. Clinton; Morales, Miguel; López, Martha; Tanabe, Melinda B.; Baca-Turpo, Benicia; Arque, Eulogia; Madrid, Daniela Martins; Vallabh, Prithvi; Bascope, Ruben; Cabada, Miguel M.

doi:10.1089/vbz.2020.2753

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…However, previous research has shown that intraspecific variability in Fasciola spp. can be linked to changes in altitude, as reported in studies from different regions (3,8,10,57). Valero et al (44) found that in regions with high altitude, reduced oxygen levels induce hypoxia in hosts, affecting egg production, uterus development, and the size of the trematode body.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…This is due to the confiscation of livers in slaughterhouses, weight gain reduction, and milk production (3)(4)(5)(6)(7). Recent research highlights the importance of the disease in human health, with the World Health Organization including it in their roadmap of neglected tropical diseases for 2030, and promoting the use of One Health strategies as a transversal approach (8,9).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular characterization of Fasciola hepatica in endemic regions of Colombia

García-Corredor¹,

Alvarado²,

Pulido-Medellín³

et al. 2023

Front. Vet. Sci.

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Fasciola hepatica is a zoonotic trematode that affects a wide range of hosts, including cattle, sheep, and goats. The economic impact of the parasite on the cattle industry is significant, with high losses reported worldwide. While its impact on human health was previously underestimated, recent years have seen a rise in fascioliasis cases, leading to increased interest among researchers globally. To characterize the genetic diversity and intraspecific variation of this parasite in South America, specifically in Colombia, we collected 105 adult parasites from cattle bile ducts in seven Colombian departments (Antioquia, Boyacá, Santander, Cauca, Cundinamarca, Nariño, Norte de Santander, and Santander) to assess the parasite’s phenotypic analyses, genetic diversity, and population structure. A computer image analysis system (CIAS) was applied based on standardized morphological measurements. Liver-fluke size was studied by principal component analysis (PCA). DNA sequences were obtained for nuclear markers such as the 28S, β-tubulin 3, ITS1, ITS2, and the mitochondrial marker Cytochrome Oxidase I (COI). Multiple statistical tests were performed, and the parasite’s population structure was analyzed. Maximum Likelihood (ML) phylogenetic reconstructions were carried out using the sequences obtained herein and sequences available in GenBank. Morphological results revealed that all the obtained individuals matched F. hepatica’s morphology. There was no evidence of high genetic diversity, and the absence of genetic structure at the country-level was notable, possibly caused by a demographic expansion of this trematode in Colombia or the low resolution of the molecular markers employed. Future studies are still needed to unveil the genetic population structure of F. hepatica across the country.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular characterization of Fasciola hepatica in endemic regions of Colombia

García-Corredor¹,

Alvarado²,

Pulido-Medellín³

et al. 2023

Front. Vet. Sci.

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“…Characterizing fluke populations by focusing on their TCBZ susceptibility profiles can provide insights into potential effects. This is particularly important in the highlands of Peru where fascioliasis presents a large burden to public health and livestock farming [6][7][8][9]. In the present study, we characterized the susceptibility to TCBZ.SO of F. hepatica parasites collected from naturally infected bovines brought for slaughter in representative abattoirs from the Cusco and Cajamarca regions of Peru.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Livestock infections cause decreased fertility and production of meat, milk, and wool associated with significant revenue losses, poverty, and food insecurity [5]. Peru has one of the highest burdens of fascioliasis with a prevalence of up to 70% in livestock and up to 47% among children in some communities of the Andes Mountains [6][7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Differences in the Susceptibility Patterns to Triclabendazole Sulfoxide in Field Isolates of Fasciola hepatica Are Associated with Geographic, Seasonal, and Morphometric Variations

et al. 2022

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Triclabendazole (TCBZ) resistance is an emerging problem in fascioliasis that is not well understood. Studies including small numbers of parasites fail to capture the complexity of susceptibility variations between and within Fasciolahepatica populations. As the first step to studying the complex resistant phenotype–genotype associations, we characterized a large sample of adult F. hepatica with diverging TCBZ susceptibility. We collected parasites from naturally infected livestock slaughtered in the Cusco and Cajamarca regions of Peru. These parasites were exposed to TCBZ sulfoxide (TCBZ.SO) in vitro to determine their susceptibility. We used a motility score to determine the parasite’s viability. We titrated drug concentrations and times to detect 20% non-viable (susceptible conditions) or 80% non-viable (resistant conditions) parasites. We exposed 3348 fully motile parasites to susceptible (n = 1565) or resistant (n = 1783) conditions. Three hundred and forty-one (21.8%) were classified as susceptible and 462 (25.9%) were classified as resistant. More resistant parasites were found in Cusco than in Cajamarca (p < 0.001). Resistant parasites varied by slaughterhouse (p < 0.001), month of the year (p = 0.008), fluke length (p = 0.016), and year of collection (p < 0.001). The in vitro susceptibility to TCBZ.SO in wildtype F. hepatica was associated with geography, season, and morphometry.

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Serological and Molecular Survey of Hepatitis E Virus in Small Ruminants from Central Portugal

Santos-Silva,

Romalde,

Bento

et al. 2024

Food Environ Virol

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Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is currently recognized as an emerging problem and a growing concern for public health in developed countries, with HEV infections mainly attributable to foodborne transmission of HEV-3. The zoonotic HEV genotype 3 infects a wide range of mammalian hosts, with swine considered as the primary host. This study investigates the occurrence of HEV among small ruminants in Portugal. The primary aim of the present research was to evaluate the circulation and the potential for HEV infection among sheep and goats. A total of 400 bile samples and 493 blood samples were collected from sheep and goats at a slaughterhouse in the center region of Portugal, between January 2022 and March 2023. The HEV RNA detection in bile samples was performed using a nested broad-spectrum RT-PCR targeting the ORF1 region. Serological analysis to detect anti-HEV antibodies was conducted using a commercial double-antigen sandwich multi-species ELISA. The HEV RNA was not detected in any bile samples using the nested broad-spectrum RT-PCR. Serological analysis revealed an overall HEV antibody seroprevalence of 2% (10/493, 95% CI: 0.98–3.70) among the small ruminants, namely 2.2% in goats and 2.0% in sheep. Curiously, no statistically significant association among the factors, age, sex and species and HEV seroprevalence was observed. Although HEV RNA was not detected in the bile of sheep and goats, this study the evidence of seroprevalence in these small ruminant species. Further research could provide additional insights into the factors influencing HEV transmission dynamics in small ruminants in Portugal and its potential implications for public health.

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Comparison of Liver Condemnation and Bile Microscopy As Tools to Estimate Fasciola hepatica Prevalence and Burden in the Anta Province of Cusco in Peru

Cited by 6 publications

References 23 publications

Molecular characterization of Fasciola hepatica in endemic regions of Colombia

Molecular characterization of Fasciola hepatica in endemic regions of Colombia

The Differences in the Susceptibility Patterns to Triclabendazole Sulfoxide in Field Isolates of Fasciola hepatica Are Associated with Geographic, Seasonal, and Morphometric Variations

Serological and Molecular Survey of Hepatitis E Virus in Small Ruminants from Central Portugal

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