Comparison of Low‐Cost Methods for Measuring Ammonia Volatilization

Shigaki, Francirose; Dell, Curtis J.

doi:10.2134/agronj14.0431

Cited by 21 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…As wind speed increases, the level of NH 3 measured by the dositube may be lower in the chamber due to increase air mixing. Shigaki and Dell (2015) also concluded that wind speed was a major factor impacting semi-open ammonia collection chamber readings. Table 4.…”

Section: Methods Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a simple and affordable method of measuring ammonia volatilization from land applied manures

et al. 2017

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Quantifying ammonia (NH 3) flux following fertilizer and manure nitrogen (N) application is crucial to develop sound management practices. Traditional methods used for obtaining these measures are expensive, inefficient, or inaccurate. The objective of this study is to develop a method using a passive dosimeter and a semi-open static chamber to provide an economical and simple solution to measure NH 3 loss following nitrogen application. Dosimeter tubes were commercially developed to measure ammonia exposure, providing a time-weighted average. In this study, chicken manure was applied to short grass and the ppm h reading obtained using the dositube ammonia method was calibrated against a reference measure of NH 3 loss (kg N ha −1) using a wind tunnel and acid trap method. A calibration was developed (Estimated Total Loss (kg N ha −1) = (0.217Dw) − (0.034D) + 0.71), which requires the dositube (D, ppm h) to be read every 24 h and placed at a height of 0.15 m in the dositube chamber, with wind speed (w, m s −1) measured at a height of 0.3 m and averaged over the coinciding time period. This calibration may also be applied where dositubes are read every 48 h; however, 24 h periods are recommended to achieve the greatest accuracy.

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Section: Methods Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a simple and affordable method of measuring ammonia volatilization from land applied manures

et al. 2017

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“…However, semi‐static chambers are affordable (Grant et al, 1996), allowing the monitoring of different treatments in the same crop season, as they can be adapted to small flux‐footprint areas. In general, the accuracy is suitable for operational field applications (Shigaki and Dell, 2015), and they are used to compare NH 3 losses (AL) from different treatments, although it was found that they underestimated NH 3 emissions compared with the integrated horizontal flux method or the inverse dispersion method (Yang et al, 2017). …”

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confidence: 99%

A Short‐term Study to Compare Field Strategies for Ammonia Emission Mitigation

et al. 2019

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Abatement of NH3 emissions is crucial in calcareous soils under semiarid Mediterranean climates. The aim of the study was to compare NH3 emissions using different slurry application methods. An experiment was performed on a clay loam soil to evaluate NH3 emissions before sowing and at winter cereal tillering. Pig slurry was applied using two methods, one that applied slurry by splashing it over a plate (SP), and another that applied slurry in strips using trail hoses (TH). Emissions were measured using semi‐static chambers at variable intervals for 12 to 13 d (315.5 h for sowing and 287 h for tillering). Maximum NH3 flux emissions were always observed during the earliest period of measurements after slurry spreading (3.5–5 h). Before sowing, regardless of the method, accumulated NH3 losses (during 315.5 h) ranged between 2 and 3 kg NH3–N ha−1 because of the low dry matter content of the slurry (<2%), which enhanced infiltration. Losses represented about 2 to 3% of the total N applied. At cereal tillering, average accumulated losses of NH3 (during 287 h) were 1.7 kg N ha−1 using TH (1.1% of total N applied) and were as high as 5.4 kg N ha−1 (3.2% of total N applied) using SP. Because N topdressing is recommended as a measure to increase its efficiency, TH is recommended over SP. Thus, this short‐term study concludes that TH may reduce NH3 emissions in semiarid environments. Further study of these strategies is recommended under different climate and soil conditions. Core Ideas NH3 emissions from slurry splash plate (SP) spreading can be <4% of the NH4+ applied. Trail hoses (TH) reduce NH3 emissions from slurries versus SP at cereal tillering. At sowing, low slurry dry matter bridges the gap in NH3 emissions between TH and SP.

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“…For further methodological evaluations, NH 3 enrichment in the canopy environment of basil was determined by two additional methods: a) acid traps used as passive NH 3 samplers and b) calculation approach based on the NH 3 /NH 4 + equilibrium in the solution of the growing medium. The acid traps were made similar as described by Shigaki and Dell (2015) from plastic bowls (diameter: 10 cm) which were filled with 0.05 M H 2 SO 4 . To absorb atmospheric NH 3 , the traps were positioned for 24 h on the substrate surface ( Figure 2B).…”

Section: Aerial Nh 3 Measurements and Related Methodological Evaluationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ammonia and Ammonium Exposure of Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) Growing in an Organically Fertilized Peat Substrate and Strategies to Mitigate Related Harmful Impacts on Plant Growth

Frerichs¹,

Daum²,

Pacholski³

2020

Front. Plant Sci.

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Organic pot-based production of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) often has lower biomass yield than conventional cultivation. Previous investigations indicate that this growth impairment is related to high ammonium (NH 4 + ) concentrations in the growing media released by the mineralization of organic nitrogen (N) fertilizers. However, as a result of this ammonification process substrate pH may also increase. Under neutral to alkaline conditions NH 4 + is converted to ammonia (NH 3 ), which is known to be phytotoxic even at low concentrations. Therefore, we investigated the impact of both ammonical N species on basil grown in a peat substrate. In total, three fertilization pot experiments were conducted in a greenhouse in order to compare the effect of different organic base dressings [250 and 750 mg N (L substrate) -1 mainly supplied by a liquid amino acid fertilizer (AAF)] and two initial substrate pH levels (5.5 and 6.5). In two treatments, 5% (v/v) mature compost was mixed into the peat 1 day and 12-days before the substrate was used for sowing, respectively. The aim of this procedure was to stimulate nitrification in this way to reduce ammonical N concentration. Ammonia concentration in the aerial plant surrounding environment was measured by using NH 3 detector tubes in combination with an open-top chamber method. The results showed that the growth of basil (number of plants, fresh matter yield, plant height) was significantly inhibited in the second and third week of cultivation by rising NH 3 and NH 4 + exposure, as well as by a substrate pH ≥ 7.0.These adverse effects were reduced by lowering the organic base dressing rate and adjusting the initial substrate pH to 5.5. Furthermore, the addition of mature compost to peat in combination with a 12-day storage was proven to be effective for promoting nitrification in the organically fertilized substrate. As a result, plant growth was improved by both lower NH 3 and NH 4 + exposure as well as a faster supply of nitrate (NO 3 -) as an additional N source. Using this approach, it was possible to feed organically fertilized basil Frontiers in Plant Science | www.frontiersin.org

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Comparison of Low‐Cost Methods for Measuring Ammonia Volatilization

Cited by 21 publications

References 43 publications

Development of a simple and affordable method of measuring ammonia volatilization from land applied manures

Development of a simple and affordable method of measuring ammonia volatilization from land applied manures

A Short‐term Study to Compare Field Strategies for Ammonia Emission Mitigation

Ammonia and Ammonium Exposure of Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) Growing in an Organically Fertilized Peat Substrate and Strategies to Mitigate Related Harmful Impacts on Plant Growth

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