Comparison of mackerel-oil and lard-fat enriched diets on plasma lipids, cardiac membrane phospholipids, cardiovascular performance, and morphology in young pigs

Hartog, J. M.; Lamers, Jos M. J.; Montfoort, A.; Becker, Axel; Klompe, M.; Morse, Howard C.; Cate, Folkert J. Ten; Werf, L. van der; Hülsmann, W.C.; Hugenholtz, Paul G.

doi:10.1093/ajcn/46.2.258

Cited by 38 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…This is due to the fact that free fatty acid concentrations are considerably modulated by numerous physiological parameters (feeding status, stress, and so on). Hartog et al [230] indicated that the concentration of total free fatty acids is close to 100 mM in pigs fed a normolipidic diet containing 9 % lipids. Furthermore, the proportion of n-3 PUFAs reaches 11 % of total plasma fatty acids in humans fed 85 mg/kg/day of fish fatty acids for 3 weeks [145].…”

Section: Exogenous Effect Of N-3 Pufasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and coronary heart disease-related mortality: a possible mechanism of action

Demaison¹,

Moreau²

2002

Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences (CMLS)

106

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Epidemiological and interventional studies indicate that dietary n-3 PUFA reduces mortality due to coronary heart disease (CHD). They act at a low dose, since one or two meals with fatty fish per week is sufficient to provide protection when compared with no fish intake. These fatty acids are effective in providing primary prevention in low- and high-risk subjects and secondary prevention. At high doses, dietary n-3 PUFAs have several beneficial properties. First, they act favourably on blood characteristics: they are hypocholesterolemic and hypotriglyceridemic; they reduce platelet aggregation; they exhibit antithrombotic and fibrinolytic activities; they reduce blood viscosity and they exhibit antiinflammatory action. Second, they reduce ischemia/reperfusion-induced cellular damage. This effect is apparently due to the incorporation of eicosapentaenoic acid in membrane phospholipids. Third, they reduce ischemia and reperfusion arrhythmias. All the effects exerted by n-3 PUFAs at high doses are incompatible with the beneficial action on CHD mortality in humans observed at low doses, where their main properties are related to circulation in the form of free fatty acids. Numerous experimental studies have indicated that low concentrations of exogenous n-3 PUFAs reduce the severity of cardiac arrhythmias. This effect is probably responsible for the protective action of n-3 PUFA on CHD mortality. Further studies are necessary to confirm this assumption in animals. Such studies should take account of the fact that only a low dose of n-3 PUFA (20 mg/kg/day) is necessary to afford protection. Furthermore, since the beneficial effect of n-3 PUFAs on CHD mortality is observed in fish eaters versus no-fish eaters, and since populations in industrialised countries consume excess n-6 PUFAs, control animals in long-term dietary experiments should be fed a diet with only n-6 fatty acids as a source of PUFAs.

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Section: Exogenous Effect Of N-3 Pufasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and coronary heart disease-related mortality: a possible mechanism of action

Demaison¹,

Moreau²

2002

Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences (CMLS)

106

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“…Hyperinsulinaemia is sometimes accompanied by glucose intolerance (Hartog et al, 1987) because of down-regulation of insulin receptors. This process is absent in tumour cells (Mountjoy et al, 1987), and may be advantageous to these cells, especially in the case of insulin-dependent tumours.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insulin-tumour interrelationships in thymoma bearing mice. Effects of dietary glucose and fructose

Yam

Fink²,

Nir³

et al. 1991

Br J Cancer

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Summary Control (C) or Thymoma (T) implanted male C57BL/6J mice received a basal diet containing 16.5% glucose (G) or fructose (F). Compared to the C-G group, the C-F mice consumed more food and less water, and gained more weight. The blood glucose, insulin and triglyceride levels were higher in the C-F than in the C-G mice. Thymoma implantation into the right flank caused a transient decrease in body weight followed by a steady increase due to tumour growth. Tumours were detected earlier and tumour size was greater in the T-F group than in the T-G mice. Tumour chemical composition was similar in both groups. Blood analysis showed that the T mice had lower glucose and higher insulin and triglyceride levels than the C group. Carcasses from the T groups contained more water and ash and less fat than their C counterparts, but the type of sugar did not affect the body composition of the C or T groups. The results suggest that dietary fructose may enhance the growth of tumour via its hyperinsulinaemic action.

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“…Several reports have focused on increasing the human consumption of foods naturally rich in n-3 fatty acids, namely fish or fish oil [5][6][7][8][9]. It has been reported that there is an increased incorporation of such fatty acids in blood, heart and liver of swine fed n-3 fatty acids [ 10,11], Unfortunately, there is little or no infor mation on the possible incorporation of n-3 fatty acids into skeletal muscle or adipose tis sue of swine, the tissues most commonly con sumed as food. Hence, in the present study, one of our aims was to determine to what extent swine fed supplements rich in n-3 fatty acids would eventually incorporate such fatty acids into a variety of tissues.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A High Omega 3 Fatty Acid Diet Alters Fatty Acid Composition of Heart, Liver, Kidney, Adipose Tissue and Skeletal Muscle in Swine

Otten¹,

Wirth²,

Iaizzo³

et al. 1993

Ann Nutr Metab

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The fatty acid profiles and total lipid contents of two skeletal muscles, adipose tissue, heart, liver and kidney of swine fed a diet rich in omega 3 (n-3) fatty acids (i.e., 5% fish oil) was investigated. These values were compared to those determined for animals which were fed an equal caloric diet low in n-3 fatty acids (i.e., 5% coconut oil). All supplementations were given over a 13-week period. The lipids were extracted with chloroform-methanol, transesterified and the relative fatty acid methylesters concentrations were determined using capillary gas chromatography. The fish oil diet significantly enhanced the relative amounts of n-3 fatty acids (i.e., eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid) in all tissues examined. In the heart, liver and kidney, the increases in n-3 fatty acids were compensated by decreases primarily in arachidonic acid, but in the other tissues the contents of lauric and myristic acids were also reduced. In general, the n-3 fatty acid contents were 40-165% higher in the animals fed the fish oil. Supplementation of n-3 fatty acids in swine induced a significant incorporation of these fatty acids throughout the body, however the extent of this incorporation differed between tissues perhaps due to tissue-specific metabolic pathways.

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Comparison of mackerel-oil and lard-fat enriched diets on plasma lipids, cardiac membrane phospholipids, cardiovascular performance, and morphology in young pigs

Cited by 38 publications

References 44 publications

Dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and coronary heart disease-related mortality: a possible mechanism of action

Dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and coronary heart disease-related mortality: a possible mechanism of action

Insulin-tumour interrelationships in thymoma bearing mice. Effects of dietary glucose and fructose

A High Omega 3 Fatty Acid Diet Alters Fatty Acid Composition of Heart, Liver, Kidney, Adipose Tissue and Skeletal Muscle in Swine

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