Comparison of Macronutrient Concentration of Preterm Human Milk Between Two Milk Expression Techniques and Two Techniques for Quantitation of Energy

Mr, Thomas; Gm, Chan; Ls, Book

doi:10.1097/00005176-198607000-00016

Cited by 21 publications

(18 citation statements)

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“…However, it is important to note that in this study the samples were collected just before nursing and that the fat concentration is significantly lower in fore-than in hindmiik samples [34], We detected almost no statistically signifi cant differences in the distribution of individ ual ganglioside species between Spanish and Panamanian milk. Only the relative content of G6 in colostrum and in mature milk was higher in the group of Spanish mothers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

Comparison of Content and Distribution of Human Milk Gangliosides from Spanish and Panamanian Mothers

1996

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The lactational changes in content and distribution of gangliosides in human milk from Spanish and Panamanian mothers delivering term newborns were studied. There were no statistically significant differences in the concentration of gangliosides between Spanish and Panamanian milk. The ganglioside content expressed as a function of total milk lipids tended to decrease as lactation progressed in both types of milk. There was a significant correlation (r = 0.5896; p = 0.0062) between ganglioside and total lipid contents in Panamanian milk. However, in Spanish milk, the correlation was not significant (r = 0.1516; p = 0.3439). We did not detect important differences in the relative concentrations of individual gangliosides during lactation among milk samples from Spanish and Panamanian mothers. For both of them, G_D3 was the most abundant ganglioside in colostrum, whilst in mature milk it was G_m3·

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

Comparison of Content and Distribution of Human Milk Gangliosides from Spanish and Panamanian Mothers

1996

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“…However, it is important to note that sample collection was made just before the baby nursed, and the fat concentration has been reported to be significantly lower in fore-than in hindmilk samples [34]. The total lipid content was lower in preterm than in term milk, at all periods of lactation (colostrum, transitional milk, and mature milk), but, as mentioned above, only foremilk was sampled, and, therefore, the lipid content might not be representative of the total lipids obtained by the infant.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the study on the differences between preterm and term milk, 6 mothers who delivered preterm newborns (35,34,36,35,36, and 33 weeks of gestation) and 16 who delivered term newborns were included in the protocol. The small number of preterm milk samples analyzed was due to the difficulty of finding preterm infants that were breast-fed during the 1st month of life.…”

Section: Human Milk Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gestational Age and Origin of Human Milk Influence Total Lipid and Fatty Acid Contents

et al. 1998

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The human milk composition may be influenced by several factors, such as gestational age or genetic characteristics and dietary habits of different populations. To analyze the total lipid and fatty acid contents of human milk, we have conducted two studies, one on mothers who had delivered preterm and term newborns and another on mothers from two different sociocultural backgrounds (Spain and Panama). The total lipid content (g/100 g wet weight) was significantly higher in term (2.76 ± 0.66; mean ± SD) than in preterm mature milk (1.06 ± 0.4). The relative amount of 18:1n-9 was significantly higher in preterm than in term milk for transitional and mature milk, whereas that for the colostrum followed the opposite trend. Concerning the comparison between milk from mothers born in different countries, the relative contents of each of the fatty acids 16:0, 16:1n-7, 18:2n-6, 18:3n-3, and 22:5n-3 were higher in Panamanian than in Spanish milk, whereas the mean percentages of saturated fatty acids <14:0, of 16:1n-9, and of 18:1n-9 were higher in Spanish than in Panamanian milk. Statistically significant differences were found during the three periods of lactation considered for almost all the fatty acids mentioned above, especially for 18:1n-9 and 18:3n-3. Although the potential biological significance of the changes in oleic acid content between preterm and term milk remains unclear, differences in fatty acid content between Spanish and Panamanian milk reflect the different composition of the diet among women from these countries.

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“…Longitudinal creamatocrit analysis showed higher levels in 30-day milk than in colostrum of mothers of the TSGA group. Human milk variation due to differences between the right and left breast at collection or to the presence of final residue of previous feeding, affecting fat concentration has been observed (Dorea et al 10 , 1982 Thomas et al 28 , 1986). Lucas et al 20 (1978) have proposed a formula for the conversion of creamatocrit to fat concentration and caloric content of the samples.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Homogeneity test of Goodman (Thomas et al 28 , 1986) was used to analyse the presence or not of differences between the three groups (socio-economic levels, parity, maternal age).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional factors in milk from Brazilian mothers delivering small for gestational age neonates

Grumach¹,

Jerônimo²,

Hage³

et al. 1993

Rev. Saúde Pública

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CRUMACH, A.S. et al. Nutritional factors in milk from Brazilian mothers delivering small for gestacional age neonates. Rev. Saúde Pública, 27: 455-62, 1993. The composition of breast milk from brazilian mothers delivering low birthweight infants and its adequacy as a source of nutrients for this group has not yet been fully elucidated. A total of 209 milk samples from 66 women were analysed. The mothers were divided into three groups: G1, mothers delivering term babies of low birthweight (TSGA, n=16); G2, mothers delivering preterm babies of appropriate birthweight (PTAGA, n=20); G3, mothers delivering term babies of appropriate birthweight (TAGA, n=30). The following factors were analysed: osmolarity, total proteins and protein fractions, creamatocrit, sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium. Milk samples were collected 48 h and 7, 15, 30 and 60 days after delivery. The groups did not differ significantly in terms of osmolarity, total proteins and fractions, creamatocrit, calcium, magnesium or potassium throughout the study period. Sodium levels were higher in all samples from mothers of TSGA infants and in samples from mothers of PTAGA infants on the 7th, 15th and 30th days than in milk from the TAGA group. The authors consider the needs of the low birthweight and TAGA infants and that these high sodium levels may be necessary for growth of low birthweight infants.

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Comparison of Macronutrient Concentration of Preterm Human Milk Between Two Milk Expression Techniques and Two Techniques for Quantitation of Energy

Cited by 21 publications

References 0 publications

Comparison of Content and Distribution of Human Milk Gangliosides from Spanish and Panamanian Mothers

Comparison of Content and Distribution of Human Milk Gangliosides from Spanish and Panamanian Mothers

Gestational Age and Origin of Human Milk Influence Total Lipid and Fatty Acid Contents

Nutritional factors in milk from Brazilian mothers delivering small for gestational age neonates

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