Comparison of Major Nutrients in Eels Anguilla japonica Cultured with Different Formula Feeds or at Different Farms

Abstract

To determine the relative importance of two main factors, diet or culture environment, that affect the proximate composition and main nutritive ingredients (vitamin A, vitamin E, cholesterol, fatty acid composition) in cultured eels, we analyzed the composition of eels fed diets of formula feed (FF) produced by four different companies and of eels cultured at five different eel farms that provided only one of the four different FFs. The four commercial eel FFs did not markedly differ in proximate composition or major nutritive compounds, and consequently, these variables did not significantly differ in cultured eels fed the different FFs. The FF imported from Japan was marginally superior to the two domestic commercial FFs and the FF imported from Taiwan in terms of the proximate composition and main nutritive ingredients of both the FF itself and the eels cultured on it. However, proximate composition and main nutritive ingredients significantly differed among eels cultured at the five farms that used a different FF and among eels fed the four different FFs at the same farm. In conclusion, the difference in quality between domestic and Japanese FFs in terms of eel culture was small, whereas physical or chemical environmental differences among farms during eel culture may more strongly affect the proximate composition and levels of the main nutritive ingredients in cultured eels.

Nutritional Content of Wild and Cultured Eel (Anguilla bicolor) from Southern Coast of Central Java

“…They investigated the water content of eel from West Java was 42,03%. While the water content of cultured eel A. Japonica was higher in the level of 62,83% to 68,68% (Seo et al, 2013). This research similar with Onyia et al (2013) that showed moisture content of wild catfish was same with cultured one.…”

“…The ash content found in this study ranged from 1.33% to 1.34%. This level almost similar to those of A. japonicacultured in some ponds in South Korea which have level of 1.03% to 1.26% (Seo et al, 2013). However higher level was obtained from A. bicolor from West Java coastal area that have level of 3.93% (Widyasari et al, 2013) and 6.78% (Widyasari et al, 2014).…”

“…The fat content of eel from this study ranged from17.72% to 17.92%. Seo et al (2013) found observed varies value of fat content of A. japonica range from 10.85% to 19.44%. Another study on fat content of A. bicolor from southern coast of West Java exhibited level of 48.8% (Widyasari et al, 2013) and 28.29% (Widyasari et al, 2014).…”

“…Vitamin A content in the wild and the cultured A. bicolor from southern coast of Central Java was higher than those A. Japonica cultured in South Korea (Seo et al, 2013) that ranged from 300 µg.100 -1 to 1.700 µg.100g -1 . Similarly, Diaz et al (2003) reported that the vitamin A content found in eel in Portugal was 887 µg.100g -1 that was higher than other fish (salmon, seabass, tuna, cod fish, squid etc).…”

“…Both wild and culturedeel are known to have high level of protein, fat and vitamin A. Cultured eelin Korea had protein content of 16.6 to 17.70%; fat content from 10.85 to 19.44%; Vitamin A of 400-1600mg.100g -1 ; and Vitamin E of 0.5 to 5.5 mg.100 g -1 dry weight (Seo et al, 2013). Nevertheless, information of nutritional content of wild and culturedeel in Indonesia is still limited.…”