Comparison of maximal oxygen uptake values determined by predicted and actual methods

Glassford, R. G.; Baycroft, G. H. Y.; Sedgwick, A. W.; Macnab, Ross

doi:10.1152/jappl.1965.20.3.509

Cited by 109 publications

(41 citation statements)

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“…Another pernicious quality of the generally accepted criteria for achievement of _ VO 2max is that, of the eight participants evaluated in the present investigation, three would have been rejected for not achieving an exercising HR within 10 b/min of their age-predicted maximum and five for their blood [lactate] response not achieving 8 mM. In the majority of instances the 'sub-maximal' HR and blood [lactate] responses were elicited concomitantly with a plateau of _ VO 2 : (Astrand 1960;Glassford et al 1965;Taylor et al 1955). As demonstrated in the present investigation, this compares with a discernible plateau occurring in only *60% or less of healthy adult subjects tested using an incremental/ramp protocol (Day et al 2003;Doherty et al 2003;Howley et al 1995).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Validity of criteria for establishing maximal O2 uptake during ramp exercise tests

2007

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The incremental or ramp exercise test to the limit of tolerance has become a popular test for determination of maximal O(2) uptake (VO(2max)). However, many subjects do not evidence a definitive plateau of the VO(2) -work rate relationship on this test and secondary criteria based upon respiratory exchange ratio (RER), maximal heart rate (HR(max)) or blood [lactate] have been adopted to provide confidence in the measured VO(2max). We hypothesized that verification of VO(2max) using these variables is fundamentally flawed in that their use could either allow underestimation of VO(2max) (if, for any reason, a test were ended at a sub-maximal [Formula: see text]), or alternatively preclude subjects from recording a valid VO(2max). Eight healthy male subjects completed a ramp exercise test (at 20 W/min) to the limit of tolerance on an electrically braked cycle ergometer during which pulmonary gas exchange was measured breath-by-breath and blood [lactate] was determined every 90 s. Using the most widely used criterion values of RER (1.10 and 1.15), VO(2max) as determined during the ramp test (4.03 +/- 0.10 l/min) could be undermeasured by 27% (2.97 +/- 0.24 l/min) and 16% (3.41 +/- 0.15 l/min), respectively (both P < 0.05). The criteria of HR(max) (age predicted HR(max) +/- 10 b/min) and blood [lactate] (> or = 8 mM) were untenable because they resulted in rejection of 3/8 and 6/8 of the subjects, most of whom (5/8) had demonstrated a plateau of VO(2max) at VO(2max). These findings provide a clear mandate for rejecting these secondary criteria as a means of validating VO(2max) on ramp exercise tests.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Validity of criteria for establishing maximal O2 uptake during ramp exercise tests

2007

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“…Because measurement of this parameter requires strenuous exercise, usually on a treadmill or bicycle ergometer, the direct measurement of V02 max is not suited to middle-aged or elderly individuals. As an alternative, we have used values of V02 max derived from submaximal exercise testing on a bicycle ergometer, which do not differ significantly from direct measurements of V02 max on the ergometer (24,28,29). While genetic factors may be important determinants, regular physical activity can result in an increase in V02 max (22,25,30).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical fitness is a major determinant of femoral neck and lumbar spine bone mineral density.

Pocock¹,

Eisman²,

Yeates³

et al. 1986

J. Clin. Invest.

251

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The relationship between physical fitness and bone mass in the femoral neck, lumbar spine, and forearm was studied in 84 normal women. Femoral neck and lumbar spine bone mineral density and forearm bone mineral content were estimated by absorptiometry. Fitness was quantitated from predicted maximal oxygen uptake. Femoral neck and lumbar bone mineral density were significantly correlated with fitness as well as age and weight.in the 46 postmenopausal'subjects, fitness was the only significant predictor of femoral neck bone mineral density, and both weight and fitness predicted the lumbar bone mineral density. These data represent the first demonstration of a correlation between physical fitness, and, by implication, habitual physical activity, and bone mass in the femoral neck; they also support the previous reported correlation between lumbar bone mass and physical activity. The data suggest that increased physical fitness may increase bone mass at the sites of clinically important fractures in osteoporosis.

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“…These comparisons are made in pediatric research despite the use of dierent modes of exercise during testing, for example the treadmill (TM) and the cycle ergometer (CE), and the paucity of well-controlled studies of gender in¯uences. Each of these factors has been identi®ed independently and collectively as potential modi®ers of the maximal pediatric exercise test (Krahenbuhl et al Extensive comparative studies have been conducted on TM versus CE responses in adults (Astrand and Saltin 1961;Faulkner et al 1971;Glassford et al 1965;Hermansen and Saltin 1969;Kamon and Pandolf 1972). In the pediatric literature, comparative analyses are sparse.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treadmill and cycle ergometry testing in 5- to 6-year-old children

LeMura

Duvillard

Cohen

et al. 2001

European Journal of Applied Physiology

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The primary purpose of this study was to determine the maximal cardiorespiratory responses of 48, 5- to 6-year-old children (24 girls and 24 boys), who were tested on a treadmill (TM) and an electronically braked cycle ergometer (CE). We also examined the percentage of boys and girls who were able to achieve the criteria for reaching maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) on each testing mode. After an orientation period, each child was tested twice (once on the TM and once on the CE), with an interval of 1 week between tests. VO2max was measured during progressive, all out, continuous TM and CE tests using standardized procedures. A 2 x 2 analysis of variance test (genderxexercise mode) with Bonferroni adjustment revealed the following: (1) there were no gender differences in any of the measured dependent variables, (2) the children produced a significantly higher relative VO2max (ml x kg(-1) x min(-1) and a higher absolute VO2max (l x min(-1)) on the TM than on the CE (P < 0.001), (3) the children produced a higher heart rate on the TM than on the CE (P < 0.001), (4) the CE generated significantly higher values for respiratory exchange ratio (P < 0.001), (5) the criteria necessary to establish a maximal exercise effort were achieved on both the TM and the CE, and (6) all of the children reached two of the criteria associated with a maximal effort, while only 46% of the children reached three criterion measures. There were no significant differences in the attainment of criterion measures between the TM and the CE. The results of this study indicate a lack of gender differences in maximal exercise testing in 5- to 6-year-old children, and that both the CE and the TM are effective modes of maximal cardiorespiratory testing in this age group.

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Comparison of maximal oxygen uptake values determined by predicted and actual methods

Cited by 109 publications

References 0 publications

Validity of criteria for establishing maximal O2 uptake during ramp exercise tests

Validity of criteria for establishing maximal O2 uptake during ramp exercise tests

Physical fitness is a major determinant of femoral neck and lumbar spine bone mineral density.

Treadmill and cycle ergometry testing in 5- to 6-year-old children

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