Comparison of Metabolic and Hormonal Effects of Calcitonin and Somatostatin (SRIF) in the Course of Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT)

Abstract

A comparison is presented of the effect of two therapeutic doses of synthetic somatostatin (250 and 500 micrograms) and salmon calcitonin (50 and 100 U) on the blood levels of sugar, insulin (IRI), somatotropin (HGH) and cortisol in healthy volunteers following peroral administration of 75 g of glucose. Calcitonin was responsible for a significant change in glycaemia as well as IRI levels: following a retarded enhancement glycaemia as well as insulinaemia through out the first 15-30 minutes of OGTT, increased levels of both indicators were persistent at minute 120 and 180, so that the course of both curves was almost parallel. The effect was similar after SRIF had been administered, with the exception of insulin secretion being more pronounced, so that at a later stage of OGTT no hyperinsulinaemia was seen. The HGH levels tended to decrease due to both hormones, the tendency being more marked after SRIF, though statistically insignificant. There was a marked difference between the hormones as regards their effect on adrenocortical secretion. While the latter was constantly stimulated throughout OGTT under calcitonin infusion, the influence of SRIF was not significant. The metabolic and hormonal changes were found after both a lower and higher dose of both hormones, the only differences being that the inhibitory effect on the initial increase in glycaemia following a lower dose of SRIF was of no statistical significance. Hence, the metabolic and hormonal effects of calcitonin and SRIF in an acute experiment display many similarities, however, they do differ in some aspects; these effects do not depend on the doses demonstrated for both lower and higher doses of the above hormones.

The effects on anterior pituitary hormone secretion of salmon calcitonin in healthy volunteers

“…Eel and human calcitonin are reported not to affect basal prolactin release (Kaji et al, 1985;Looij etal., 1988). The prolactin increment in response to TRH has uniformly been reported to be inhibited by salmon calcitonin (Isaac et al, 1980;Ceda et al, 1982;Zofkova & Nedvidkova, 1984) although porcine and eel calcitonin are said not to have any effect (Barreca et al, 1980;Kaji er al., 1985). Likewise theTSH response to TRH is inhibited by salmon calcitonin (Isaac et al, 1980;Ceda et al, 1982;Zofkova & Bednar, 1984;Leicht et al 1974) although this was not found with the porcine variety (Barreca et al, 1980).…”