Comparison of metabolic, oxidative and inflammatory status of Simmental × Holstein crossbred with parental breeds during the peripartal and early lactation periods

Abstract

The aim of the research reported in this paper was to evaluate plasma concentrations of energy, oxidative and inflammatory biomarkers of Simmental (sire) × Holstein (dam) crossbred cows, in comparison with the two parental breeds during the peripartal and early lactation periods and to estimate the effects of heterosis for these traits. Thirty-three animals, managed under the same conditions, 8 Simmental (SI), 9 Holstein (HO) and 16 crossbred (CR) cows were enrolled in this study. Glucose, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), total bilirubin, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), creatine kinase (CK), total protein, albumin, creatinine and urea were determined in blood sampled at six different time points (30 ± 3 and 15 ± 3 d before the expected calving date, at calving and 15, 30 and 60 d after calving). Furthermore, derived reactive oxygen metabolites (d-ROMs), biological antioxidant potential (BAP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), haptoglobin (Hp) and serum amyloid A protein (SAA) were determined to evaluate inflammatory and oxidative status. Results showed that the CR group had significantly lower average values of glucose and NEFA when compared to HO group; signifcantly lower values of urea than SI group and significantly higher values of creatinine than HO. Furthermore, CR cows showed the lowest average value of d-ROMs with respect to SI and HO parental breeds. Finally, the average value of haptoglobin was significantly lower in CR and HO groups, when compared to SI group. As for the heterosis we found the highest (positive) percentage for CK (98%) and BAP (47%) and the lowest (negative) percentage for OSi (−75%) and d-ROMs (−39%). A negative percentage was also found for the glucose (−11%) and NEFA (−20%) toward the Simmental parental breed. Our results suggest a different response among the three genetic groups during the peripartal and early lactation periods. In particular, CR and SI cows seem more adaptable regarding energy metabolism and oxidative status. Heterosis led to a positive effect on those parameters in Simmental (sire) × Holstein (dam) crossbred cows F1 population (50% Simmental and 50% Holstein).

Comparison of lipopolysaccharide-mediated peripheral blood mononuclear cell activation between Brahman and Brahman x Thai native crossbreed cattle

“…These results suggest that after stimulation with LPS, Brahman cattle had higher levels of oxidative stress than Brahman × Thai native crossbreed cattle. Our findings are consistent with those of De Matteis et al [31], who reported that oxidative stress levels were lower in Simmental × Holstein crossbreed cattle than in pure breed parents. Gonzalez-Añover et al [32] found that plasma H 2 O 2 concentrations were lower in lean hybrid pigs than in purebred Iberian pigs.…”

“…Our findings are consistent with those of De Matteis et al . [ 31 ], who reported that oxidative stress levels were lower in Simmental × Holstein crossbreed cattle than in pure breed parents. Gonzalez-Añover et al .…”

Comparative evaluation of major milk quality parameters of Holstein and Simmental cows at different lactation stages under similar environmental conditions

“…Furthermore, n3 fatty acid, which has an antioxidant effect, plays an important role in the immunity of newborn calves (42,52). In parallel with the results of the present study, studies show that the survival rate of Holstein's calves is higher than that of Simmental calves (8,18). Also, higher levels of n3 in the milk are the desired factor for the higher quality of milk for consumption (27).…”

Активность Трипсина В Молоке Коров Повышается При Маститах Одновременно С Экспрессией Генов Воспаления

“…В целом, IL8 считается мощным медиатором воспаления, а также участвует в привлечении лейкоцитов к местам инфекции (73). В связи с развитием мастита изучаются полиморфизмы гена IL8 (74,75). При этом сообщалось, что один из полиморфизмов -+472 A>G в IL8 связан с высоким числом соматических клеток в молоке коров, инфицированных S. aureus (76) Поскольку активность трипсина в крови связана с содержанием метаболитов оксида азота (77), есть вероятность участия трипсина в воспалительной реакции в ткани молочной железы.…”