Comparison of methods for isolation and titration of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus

Shepherd, A. J.; Swanepoel, Robert; Leman, Patricia A.; Shepherd, S. P.

doi:10.1128/jcm.24.4.654-656.1986

Cited by 46 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Since viremia is more profound and intense in fatal cases, they have the greatest potential for nosocomial transmission. 28,29 The secondary cases were most likely exposed to the index case in the hospital. Both of the secondary cases became symptomatic within five days of the exposure to index case.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short Report: Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Outbreak in Rawalpindi, Pakistan, February 2002

Athar

Baqai²,

Ahmad³

et al. 2003

Am J Trop Med Hyg

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short Report: Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Outbreak in Rawalpindi, Pakistan, February 2002

Athar

Baqai²,

Ahmad³

et al. 2003

Am J Trop Med Hyg

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“…Isolation in cell culture is simpler and more rapid, but less sensitive, than traditional methods such as intracranial inoculation of a sample into newborn mice. 94 Virus can be isolated using cell lines including LLC-MK2, Vero, BHK-21, and SW-13. 4 Virus isolation can be achieved in 2-5 days, but cell cultures lack sensitivity, and usually only allow detection of the relatively high viraemia encountered during the fi rst 5 days of illness.…”

Section: Virus Isolationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In spite of its relative lack of sensitivity, this process can detect the most severe cases that would require antiviral therapy or could be candidates for a trial of an antiviral drug. 94…”

Section: Virus Isolationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever

Ergönül

2006

The Lancet Infectious Diseases

938

944

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Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is an often fatal viral infection described in about 30 countries, and it has the most extensive geographic distribution of the medically important tickborne viral diseases, closely approximating the known global distribution of Hyalomma spp ticks. Human beings become infected through tick bites, by crushing infected ticks, after contact with a patient with CCHF during the acute phase of infection, or by contact with blood or tissues from viraemic livestock. Clinical features commonly show a dramatic progression characterised by haemorrhage, myalgia, and fever. The levels of liver enzymes, creatinine phosphokinase, and lactate dehydrogenase are raised, and bleeding markers are prolonged. Infection of the endothelium has a major pathogenic role. Besides direct infection of the endothelium, indirect damage by viral factors or virus-mediated host-derived soluble factors that cause endothelial activations and dysfunction are thought to occur. In diagnosis, enzyme-linked immunoassay and real-time reverse transcriptase PCR are used. Early diagnosis is critical for patient therapy and prevention of potential nosocomial infections. Supportive therapy is the most essential part of case management. Recent studies suggest that ribavirin is effective against CCHF, although definitive studies are not available. Health-care workers have a serious risk of infection, particularly during care of patients with haemorrhages from the nose, mouth, gums, vagina, and injection sites. Simple barrier precautions have been reported to be effective.

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“…As an application of the reverse genetics, a virus-like particle (VLP) assay was recently reported to assess the reassortment potential of SFTS virus with its related viruses Heartland virus (a member of the same genus) and Uukuniemi virus (a member of the genus Phlebovirus of the same family) 38 . Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) virus, a member of the family Nairoviridae of the same order, has similar characteristics to SFTS virus with regard to cytopathic effectivity, genome composition, transmission modes, and disease manifestations [39][40][41] .The methods used for identification of SFTS virus entry factors to date are classified into categories I (C-type lectins 29,30 ), II with loss-of-function criteria (glucosylceramide and SNX11 32,33 ), and III (NMMHC-IIA 31 ) described above. However, there are no reports on the application of category II methods with gain-of-function criteria in the identification of SFTS virus entry factors.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient functional screening of a cellular cDNA library to identify severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus entry factors

Shimojima

Sugimoto

Taniguchi

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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The identification of host cell factors for virus entry is useful for the molecular explanation of viral tropisms and often leads to a more profound understanding of virus-induced diseases. Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging infectious disease caused by SFTS virus. No countermeasures against the disease exist. In this report, we show an efficient method using virus-like particles for the functional screening of a cellular cDNA library to identify SFTS virus entry factors. Two variants encoding dendritic cell-specific ICAM-3 grabbing non-integrin related (DC-SIGNR), a calciumdependent lectin known to enhance SFTS virus infection, were successfully identified from a human liver cDNA library. We will discuss applications for yet unidentified factor(s) for SFTS virus entry and for entry factor(s) for other viruses related to SFTS virus.Among different organisms, many similar but non-identical cellular molecules exist that show the same functions. Even in a single species, the expressed molecules are dependent on cell types. This is the case with virus entry factors, which are cellular components involved in viral attachment to cells and invasion into cells for viral replication 1,2 . Thus, viral infections show specificity with regards to host ranges, tissues, and cell types, indicating that the identification of virus entry factors is useful for the molecular explanation of viral tropisms 3 . Because target tissues or cell types of viruses are strongly associated with virus-induced diseases, the identification of virus entry factors often leads to a more profound understanding of the associated diseases. Furthermore, the identification of viral entry factors might aid the efficient development of countermeasures against the induced diseases 4,5 .Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is a recently recognised tick-borne infectious disease with a high case fatality rate of up to 30%. SFTS virus, whose species name is Huaiyangshan banyangvirus (see below for details), is the causative agent 6,7 . There are no specific countermeasures against the disease. In SFTS patients, thrombocytopenia and leukopenia are frequently observed and viral antigens are often detected in the lymphoid organs in fatal cases [8][9][10][11] . In vitro, most lymphoid cell lines (e.g., Jurkat and Raji cells, which originate from T and B cells, respectively) show little susceptibility to SFTS virus infection. In contrast, most non-lymphoid cell lines (e.g., Vero cells, which originate from the kidney epithelium) show high susceptibility to the viral infection 8,12-14 . Calcium-dependent (C-type) lectins have been shown to enhance SFTS virus infection when expressed in cells that otherwise show little susceptibility 13,14 ; however, this cannot fully explain the viral tropisms because most non-lymphoid cell lines do not generally express them. Nonmuscle myosin heavy chain IIA (NMMHC-IIA) has been reported as a key entry factor of SFTS virus 15 ; however, the molecule is expressed even in Jurkat cells and ...

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Comparison of methods for isolation and titration of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus

Cited by 46 publications

References 12 publications

Short Report: Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Outbreak in Rawalpindi, Pakistan, February 2002

Short Report: Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Outbreak in Rawalpindi, Pakistan, February 2002

Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever

Efficient functional screening of a cellular cDNA library to identify severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus entry factors

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