Comparison of methods of recording and analysis of Doppler blood velocity signals in normal subjects

Left ventricular systolic performance was evaluated noninvasively in 102 ambulatory resting adults age 22-96 years who had no evidence of heart disease. Ventricular performance was assessed by peak aortic blood acceleration and peak blood velocity, using a continuous-wave Doppler. All subjects were studied in the supine position with the transducer held at the suprasternal notch. All had a normal cardiac status, based upon the history, physical examination, electrocardiogram and echocardiogram. Peak blood acceleration correlated inversely with age (r = -0.58, p < 0.01). Peak blood acceleration was highest among those 20-39 years (23 ± 5 m/s/s; mean ± SD; p < 0.05). Among subjects 40-59, 60-79, and 80-96 years, peak acceleration was 18 ± 5, 16 ± 3, and 15 ± 4 m/s/s, respectively. Peak velocity also showed an inverse correlation with age (r = -0.69; p < 0.01) and was highest among younger adults (p < 0.05). Among ages 20-39, 40-59, 60-79, and 80-96 years, it was 0.92 ± 0.15,0.71 ± 0.19,0.54 ± 0.15, and 0.58 ± 0.10 m/s, respectively. Although there was a diminution of both peak blood acceleration and peak blood velocity with age, individuals 80-96 years of age showed no greater reduction than those 60-79 years of age. In conclusion, left ventricular systolic function in resting adults with no heart disease is diminished among elderly individuals, although the greatest reduction seemed to occur between the fifth and sixth decades.

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“…We assumed that the Doppler intercept angle was 180° to the direction of flow. This is consistent with previous methodology [13][14][15].…”

Section: Introduction Methodssupporting

confidence: 82%

Effects of Age upon Left Ventricular Performance

Stein

Sabbah²,

Aronow

et al. 1988

Am J Noninvas Cardiol

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“…We assumed that the Doppler intercept angle was 180° to the direction of flow. This is consistent with previous meth odology [13][14][15]. The system provides an internally derived beat- …”

supporting

confidence: 73%

Postextrasystolic Potentiation of Left Ventricular Function Based upon Peak Aortic Blood Acceleration Measured Noninvasively with a Continuous-Wave Doppler

Sabbah

Khaja

Brymer

et al. 1987

Am J Noninvas Cardiol

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To determine if postextrasystolic potentiation (PESP) of left ventricular (LV) function can be evaluated noninvasively on the basis of peak aortic blood acceleration, studies were performed in 24 patients undergoing diagnostic cardiac catheterization. Peak acceleration was measured using a continuous-wave Doppler velocity meter placed suprastemally. Measurements were made before, during and after catheter induction of a single premature ventricular contraction. Patients were divided into 4 groups: group 1 (n = 6) had normal coronary arteries and no LV asynergy; group 2 (n = 6) had coronary disease and no LV asynergy; group 3 (n = 5) had coronary disease and regional LV asynergy, and group 4 (n = 7) had coronary disease, LV asynergy and a history of acute myocardial infarction. In group 1 patients, peak acceleration increased 67 ± 16% during PESP. It also increased 67 ± 26% in group 2 and 73 ± 17% in group 3. In group 4 patients, peak acceleration showed the largest percent increase, 84 ± 22%, during PESP. These results are directionally consistent with those obtained by ventriculography. Peak acceleration measured noninvasively with continuous-wave Doppler offers an alternative approach to ventriculography for evaluating global LV inotropic reserve by PESP.

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“…[24][25][26] We recorded Doppler signals from three arterial sites in which the ultrasound beam could be aimed close to the axis of flow in the vessel. This device has a transducer with a diameter of 0.8 cm and a far field beam divergence of about 12 degrees.…”

Section: Experimental Data Acquisition Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative Assessment of Peripheral Arterial Obstruction in Raynaud's Phenomenon: Development of a Predictive Model of Obstructive Arterial Cross-Sectional Area and Validation with a Doppler Blood Flow Study

2000

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The objective of this study was to develop a method for the analytical assessment of arterial obstruction in conditions of Raynaud's phenomenon capable of providing diagnostic criteria. Numerous attempts have been made to determine and quantify arterial obstruction in terms of Doppler ultrasound measurements of arterial blood velocity. Absent from these methods is a formulation that allows an assessment of arterial obstruction based on the obstructed area as derived from direct measurement. The authors used spectral analysis of velocity signals from a pulsed, range-gated Doppler ultrasonic instrument to make quantitative measurements of arterial blood flow velocity in hands of normal subjects and persons with Raynaud's phenomenon. They measured the peak and mean velocity during the cardiac cycle and the time integral of the velocity signal over the cardiac cycle. These measurements for two distinct hemodynamic states induced by temperature changes allowed them to calculate the fractional change in arterial cross-sectional area produced by the change in temperature through the application of a hydraulic model of digital arterial circulation. They found an equation expressing fractional obstructed area expressed as: dA/A = 2 (dD - taudv - vtau)/(D + vdtau), where D is the time integral of the velocity signal; tau is the blood flow interval, v is the blood velocity; and dD, dtau and dv are the differences in D, tau, and v at two different hemodynamic states produced by two different temperature states. Their findings suggest that over a temperature range of 35 degrees-25 degrees C, normal subjects experience 0.05/ degrees C reduction in cross-sectional area while Raynaud subjects experience a reduction of 5.8%/degrees C. The results, based on findings in 13 subjects, suggest that Doppler ultrasound can differentiate persons with Raynaud's phenomenon from normal subjects. Additionally, the hydraulic model appears to offer the potential of assessing relative stenotic area in other arterial obstructive diseases.

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Comparison of methods of recording and analysis of Doppler blood velocity signals in normal subjects

Cited by 18 publications

References 24 publications

Effects of Age upon Left Ventricular Performance

Effects of Age upon Left Ventricular Performance

Postextrasystolic Potentiation of Left Ventricular Function Based upon Peak Aortic Blood Acceleration Measured Noninvasively with a Continuous-Wave Doppler

Quantitative Assessment of Peripheral Arterial Obstruction in Raynaud's Phenomenon: Development of a Predictive Model of Obstructive Arterial Cross-Sectional Area and Validation with a Doppler Blood Flow Study

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