The effect of some factors on relationships between milk urea concentrations, milk production, negative OEB diet and fertility of 74 cows were analyzed. Diets were calculated using the French PDI system and SPSS 20 package was used for
statistical analysis. Milk urea concentrations ranged from 31.7± 1.6 mg/dl in low-producing cows (17.3 ± 2.3 kg milk) to 32.3 ±2.0 mg/dl in high-producing cows (25.1 ± 4.4 kg milk). The increase of milk urea concentrations was found to increase
interval between calving and conception (p less than 0.00), number of inseminations per conception (p less than 0.01) and interval between two successive calvings (p less than 0.00). Increasing of urea in milk in relation with feeding diets
characterized by negative OEB might decrease milk production and fertility in dairy herd. Therefore, dairy breeders may find it advantageous to monitor milk urea, which could help to improve nutritional status and cow’s fertility.