Comparison of minor and severe head injury emotional sequelae using the MMPI

Leininger, Bruce E.; Kreutzer, Jeffrey S.; Hill, Madelyn

doi:10.3109/02699059109008090

Cited by 42 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Novack et al suggested that the number of postconcussive symptoms was an index of emotional adjustment. Leininger, Kreutzer, and Hill (1991) also found an inverse relationship between acute severity of head injury and MMPI abnormality.…”

Section: The Nonspecificity Of Symptoms and Cognitive Deficitsmentioning

confidence: 76%

A review of mild head trauma. part II: Clinical implications

Binder

1997

Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology

225

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In Binder et al. (1997) a metal-analytic review revealed a small effect size attributable to a history of mild head trauma (MHT). The results suggested a weak association between MHT and persistent neuropsychological deficits. In this paper, additional outcome data are summarized and the results are discussed. On a chronic basis, 7-8% of MHT patients remain symptomatic and 14% are disabled from work. Magnetic resonance studies of acutely injured persons may show lesions that are not detected in usual clinical practice. It is likely that the effects of these lesions dissipate with time, consistent with the neuropsychological data. The association between MHT and cognitive deficits, symptoms, and disability may not be casual; data suggest that MHT patients have more psychosocial problems prior to injury than do non-injured persons. The examiner of the MHT patient with chronic complaints must consider alternative medical and psychiatric explanations and perform a differential diagnosis. The possibility of a neurological basis for sustained neuropsychological problems cannot be completely dismissed. Presently, however, there is little evidence for neurological causation of most persisting complaints.

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Section: The Nonspecificity Of Symptoms and Cognitive Deficitsmentioning

confidence: 76%

A review of mild head trauma. part II: Clinical implications

Binder

1997

Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology

225

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“…Yet, brain injury severity is a critical independent variable that affects item endorsements on the FBS and other measures of symptom complaints (Leininger et al 1991;Martens et al 2001;Miller and Donders 2001). Head injury severity is inversely related to MMPI-2 scores in litigants and non-litigants, with more severely injured patients commonly scoring within normal limits on the clinical scales (Hoffman et al 1999).…”

Section: Item Bias In the Fbsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Potential for Bias in MMPI-2 Assessments Using the Fake Bad Scale (FBS)

Butcher

Gass

Cumella³

et al. 2008

Psychol. Inj. and Law

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The Fake Bad Scale (FBS), developed to identify malingering of emotional distress among claimants seeking compensation for personal injuries, was recently added to the MMPI-2 scoring materials, resulting in its widespread dissemination across the various clinical settings that use the MMPI-2 in psychological evaluations. We examine: (1) questions of item bias in the FBS; (2) how malingering and nonmalingering groups are identified in FBS studies, including whether the research has been broadly inclusive and fully represents the populations assessed by the MMPI-2; (3) the reliability and validity of the FBS; (4) the highly variable recommendations for raw score cut-offs and how they relate to T scores; (5) two inpatient groups [men in a tertiary care Veterans Affairs Healthcare System (VA) unit and women in an eating disorders program] who may be inappropriately labeled as malingering by the FBS; (6) the publisher's statement on use of the FBS; and (7) a Frye hearing in Florida where the FBS was excluded from expert testimony, one of three so far. We raise questions about its potential bias against people with disabilities and physical illnesses, women, individuals exposed to highly traumatic situations, and those motivated to present themselves in a favorable light. Psychologists using the FBS for making decisions about clients' motivations need to be aware of the serious problems with the scale's use and the cases of its inadmissibility in court.

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“…Examination of emotional profiles following TBI using the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) produced stable patterns of emotional profiles with identification of profiles ranging from normal to symptoms of severe psychopathology (Bornstein, Miller, & van Schoor, 1988;Hessen, Anderson, & Nestvold, 2008;Leininger, Kreutzer, & Hill, 1991). Cattelani and colleagues (Cattelani, Gugliotta, Maravita, & Mazzucchi, 1996) examined profiles using the MMPI data in 53 head injury patients.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Profiles of emotional and behavioral sequelae following acquired brain injury: Cluster analysis of the Personality Assessment Inventory

Velikonja

Warriner

Brum

2009

Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology

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Due to the multidimensional nature of symptom complaints within the acquired brain injury (ABI) population, emotional and behavioral profiles obtained from using comprehensive validated measures often yield more relevant information than tools that assess for symptoms of a single diagnostic disorder. The current study used the Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI) to detect emotional and behavioral profiles in a sample of 440 adult ABI patients. Using a rigorous three-step cluster analytic approach, seven clusters were identified, indicating that half of the sample (50%) showed clinically significant affective and behavioral symptoms typified by multiple Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) Axis I and/or II features. Two of the subtypes showed severe and diverse affective symptoms but were distinguished from each other by antisocial features and substance use. Two other subtypes, with predominantly internalized presentations, were characterized by mainly depressive and somatic features, and the second by mild anxiety and cognitive disturbance. One group, predominantly externalized presentation, showed high substance use and antisocial features. The other part of the sample (50%) had no significant affective or behavioral complaints but were characterized by two profile types classified as essentially normal, but distinguishable by one having an increased tendency to minimize symptoms. Sex, age, marital status, education/preinjury, and vocation typified various subtypes. The identified profiles taken in the context of important demographic information can provide descriptive insight into the nature of postinjury affective and behavioral symptoms, facilitating more comprehensive conceptualization of the client's needs that can be addressed through more tailored interventions.

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Comparison of minor and severe head injury emotional sequelae using the MMPI

Cited by 42 publications

References 13 publications

A review of mild head trauma. part II: Clinical implications

A review of mild head trauma. part II: Clinical implications

Potential for Bias in MMPI-2 Assessments Using the Fake Bad Scale (FBS)

Profiles of emotional and behavioral sequelae following acquired brain injury: Cluster analysis of the Personality Assessment Inventory

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