Comparison of models of CO<sub>2</sub>laser impedance fluctuations

Smith, A L S; Moffatt, S.

doi:10.1088/0022-3727/17/1/011

Cited by 63 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Infrared spectra of HAC deposited at low temperatures by plasma deposition show that the hydrogen content and bonding can be influenced by thermal and radiative interactions (Ogmen & Duley 1988;Duley 1994). In the laboratory, HAC is found to graphitize on heating (Wada, Gaczi, & Solin 1980;Smith 1984;Fink et al 1984;Grill, Patel, & Meyerson 1990). This occurs in a series of stages on heating to temperatures T ?…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Decomposition of Hydrogenated Amorphous Carbon: A Connection with Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Molecules

Scott

Duley

1996

The Astrophysical Journal

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We have produced thin solid films of hydrogenated amorphous carbon (HAC) by vapor deposition in vacuum and have investigated the structure and infrared spectra of these materials under conditions in which they are at the point of decomposition. We find that the IR absorption spectrum of HAC under these conditions contains all the major spectral components seen in emission in nebulae. In addition, high-resolution scanning tunneling microscopy of HAC prior to decomposition reveals protographitic islands with dimensions 11-5 nm showing that polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)-like molecular groups evolve from HAC. These experimental results suggest for the first time how PAHs and HAC may be related and how PAH molecules could evolve from HAC in regions of high excitation. The material produced as HAC decomposes is a very low density carbonaceous "aerogel" consisting primarily of these aromatic protographitic clusters in a weakly connected friable network. These protographitic clusters may be the source of interstellar graphite grains.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Decomposition of Hydrogenated Amorphous Carbon: A Connection with Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Molecules

Scott

Duley

1996

The Astrophysical Journal

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“…26 The origin of this growth-induced magnetic anisotropy has been attributed to columnar grain structures that grow tilted toward the deposition direction with respect to the substrate normal. [43][44][45][46] On the other hand, within the plane of the film, the self-shadowing effect that occurs during the film growth is more effective in the deposition flux direction, producing grains that tend to be elongated perpendicular to this direction. 47,48 These two effects, shape anisotropy and magnetocrystalline anisotropy, both contribute to the observed magnetic anisotropy of the films.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Critical thickness investigation of magnetic properties in exchange-coupled bilayers

et al. 2011

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We present a systematic investigation of the magnetic properties of two series of polycrystalline ferromagneticantiferromagnetic bilayers (FM-AF) of Ni 81 Fe 19 (10nm)/Ir 20 Mn 80 (t AF ) grown by dc magnetron sputtering. One series was grown at an oblique angle of 50• and the other one was grown at 0• . Ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) was used to measure the exchange bias field H E , the rotatable anisotropy field H RA , and the FMR linewidth H as a function of the antiferromagnetic layer thickness t AF . Three relaxation channels due to isotropic Gilbert damping, anisotropic two-magnon scattering, and mosaicity effects are simultaneously distinguished through the angular dependence of the FMR linewidth. In the regime of small IrMn layer thicknesses, not enough to establish the exchange bias anisotropy, the FMR linewidth shows a sharp peak due to the contribution of the two-magnon scattering mechanism. The results presented here are of general importance for understanding the dynamics of magnetization in the FM-AF structures.

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“…A detailed model of the intracavity OGE including laser saturation effects as well as equilibration time constant effects on the OGE parameter K, is currently being studied using ICAS theory 17,19 and OGE theory. 23 As the signal depends on the degree of saturation, the measurement time, the laser power and wavelength as well as buffer gas temperature and pressure, proper conditions must be chosen to balance sensitivity with dynamic range of a measurement.…”

Section: High Sensitivity Laboratory Basedmentioning

confidence: 99%

10th international symposium on the synthesis and applications of isotopes and isotopically labelled compounds—new analytical methods Session 8, Wednesday, June 17, 2009

Clodfelter

Rees²

2010

Labelled Comp Radiopharmac

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Different methods for the analysis of radiolabelled compounds are discussed as well as their potential uses in a wide range of activities such as drug discovery and ultra low level background LSC in a salt mine.Keywords: accelerator mass spectrometry; microdosing; optogalvanic spectroscopy; ultra-low level scintillation counting; radiosynthesis; microfluidics SOMETHING OLD, SOMETHING NEW-APPLICATIONS OF ACCELERATOR MASS SPECTROMETRY IN TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE R COLIN GARNERXceleron Ltd, The Biocentre, Innovation Way, York YO10 5NY, United Kingdom and Hull York Medical School, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, United Kingdom Abstract: The enabling technology of accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) permits ultrasensitive analysis of 14 C in the attogram to zeptogram range. As a result AMS analysis is being used in drug development to measure drug concentrations from human clinical studies conducted with very low amounts (nanoCuries) of administered radiolabel. The administered radiolabel can be at high specific radioactivity as in Phase 0 microdose studies or at much lower specific radioactivity as in metabolite profiling/mass balance and absolute bioavailability studies. Each of these study designs can give essential human ADME/PK information enabling drugs to be developed more effectively than using conventional approaches.Keywords: accelerator mass spectrometry; microdosing; ADME/PK; absolute bioavailability Introduction: Developing new drugs for the treatment of life threatening diseases is a costly and time consuming process. Bringing a new drug to market can take anywhere between 12-15 years and cost upwards of $1 billion.1 Research productivity by the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries has been falling year on year even though R&D expenditures have exponentially increased.2 Indeed there were fewer new drug marketing approvals by the regulatory authorities last year than there were in the mid-90's. It has been estimated that the current R&D annual expenditure by the pharmaceutical industry is approximately $75 billion worldwide. Many of the blockbuster drugs are coming off patent and growth in revenues of some of the world's largest pharmaceutical companies have fallen back to historically low levels.3,4 Despite this crisis, large pharmaceutical companies still appear to be slow in adopting new approaches despite the US FDA encouraging innovation through it's Critical Path initiative.

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Comparison of models of CO₂laser impedance fluctuations

Cited by 63 publications

References 10 publications

The Decomposition of Hydrogenated Amorphous Carbon: A Connection with Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Molecules

The Decomposition of Hydrogenated Amorphous Carbon: A Connection with Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Molecules

Critical thickness investigation of magnetic properties in exchange-coupled bilayers

10th international symposium on the synthesis and applications of isotopes and isotopically labelled compounds—new analytical methods Session 8, Wednesday, June 17, 2009

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Comparison of models of CO2laser impedance fluctuations

Cited by 63 publications

References 10 publications

The Decomposition of Hydrogenated Amorphous Carbon: A Connection with Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Molecules

The Decomposition of Hydrogenated Amorphous Carbon: A Connection with Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Molecules

Critical thickness investigation of magnetic properties in exchange-coupled bilayers

10th international symposium on the synthesis and applications of isotopes and isotopically labelled compounds—new analytical methods Session 8, Wednesday, June 17, 2009

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Comparison of models of CO₂laser impedance fluctuations