Comparison of MRI T2 Relaxation Changes of Knee Articular Cartilage before and after Running between Young and Old Amateur Athletes

Gyu, Jang; Lee, Jae Chul; Kim, Hyun Joo; Han, Jong Kyu; Lee, Eun Hye; Kim, Yong Dai; Jeon, Chan Hong

doi:10.3348/kjr.2012.13.5.594

Cited by 26 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Interestingly, these previous studies were all conducted in healthy young individuals (mean age b 30 years). While age has not been found to significantly influence T2 response to running in previous studies [8,26], perhaps a combination of age and running experience could have influenced the current findings. Indeed, the cohort comprised experienced recreational runners (average 12.1 years of experience, running 22.7 km/week).…”

Section: T1ρ Relaxation Time Values (Ms)contrasting

confidence: 61%

Cartilage recovery in runners with and without knee osteoarthritis: A pilot study

et al. 2019

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Objective: Running is an easy way of meeting physical activity recommendations for individuals with knee osteoarthritis (KOA); however, it remains unknown how their cartilage reacts to running. The objective of this pilot study was to compare the effects of 30 min of running on T2 and T1ρ relaxation times of tibiofemoral cartilage in female runners with and without KOA. Methods: Ten female runners with symptomatic KOA (mean age 52.6 ± 7.6 years) and 10 without KOA (mean age 52.5 ± 7.8 years) ran for 30 min on a treadmill. Tibiofemoral cartilage T2 and T1ρ relaxation times were measured using magnetic resonance imaging prior to and immediately after the bout of running. Repeated-measures analyses of covariance (ANCOVA) were conducted to examine between-group differences across scanning times. Results: No Group × Time interactions were found for T2 (P ≥ 0.076) or T1ρ (P ≥ 0.288) relaxation times. However, runners with KOA showed increased T2 values compared with prerunning in the medial and lateral femur 55 min post-running (5.4 to 5.5%, P b 0.022) and in all four tibiofemoral compartments 90 min post-running (6.9 to 11.1%, P b 0.01). A significant group effect was found for T1ρ in the medial femur, with greater values in those with KOA compared with controls. Conclusion: While Group × Time interactions in T2 and T1ρ relaxation times remained statistically insignificant, the observed significant increases in T2 in runners with tibiofemoral osteoarthritis TFOA may suggest slower and continuing changes in the cartilage and thus a need for longer recovery after running. Future research should investigate the effects of repeated exposure to running.

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Section: T1ρ Relaxation Time Values (Ms)contrasting

confidence: 61%

Cartilage recovery in runners with and without knee osteoarthritis: A pilot study

et al. 2019

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“…For the assessment of the immediate influence of athletic loading on cartilage relaxation times, only T1rho and T 2 have been applied and investigated so far. 19,20,27 One previous investigation of Subburaj et al 19 The authors observed a slight increase of relaxation times immediately after the run, but they returned to approximately prerun values after 2 h. As an explanation, the authors argue that they analyzed actual running in an in vivo study design instead of passive knee bending. These findings are contrary to our results and to the above-mentioned publications, although the study designs are comparable.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…17,18 T1rho and T 2 have also proven to be reliable in the detection of acute effects on the articular cartilage of the knee after physical loading. 19,20 To the best of our knowledge, no comparison of the immediate effects on T 2 and T 2 * relaxation times after running has been published. Hence, the purpose of the presented feasibility study was to analyze the acute effects of long-distance running on T 2 and T 2 * relaxation times in young, active adults and to investigate the correlation between these two biomarkers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The immediate effect of long-distance running onT₂andT₂* relaxation times of articular cartilage of the knee in young healthy adults at 3.0 T MR imaging

Behzadi¹,

Welsch²,

Laqmani³

et al. 2016

BJR

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Cite this article as: Behzadi C, Welsch GH, Laqmani A, Henes FO, Kaul MG, Schoen G, et al. The immediate effect of long-distance running on T 2 and T 2 * relaxation times of articular cartilage of the knee in young healthy adults at 3.0 T MR imaging. Br J Radiol 2016; 89: 20151075. FULL PAPERThe immediate effect of long-distance running on T 2 and T 2 * relaxation times of articular cartilage of the knee in young healthy adults at 3. Objective: To quantitatively assess the immediate effect of long-distance running on T 2 and T 2 * relaxation times of the articular cartilage of the knee at 3.0 T in young healthy adults. Methods: 30 healthy male adults (18-31 years) who perform sports at an amateur level underwent an initial MRI at 3.0 T with T 2 weighted [16 echo times (TEs): 9.7-154.6 ms] and T 2 * weighted (24 TEs: 4.6-53.6 ms) relaxation measurements. Thereafter, all participants performed a 45-min run. After the run, all individuals were immediately re-examined. Data sets were post-processed using dedicated software (ImageJ; National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD). 22 regions of interest were manually drawn in segmented areas of the femoral, tibial and patellar cartilage. For statistical evaluation, Pearson product-moment correlation coefficients and confidence intervals were computed. Results:Mean initial values were 35.7 ms for T 2 and 25.1 ms for T 2 *. After the run, a significant decrease in the mean T 2 and T 2 * relaxation times was observed for all segments in all participants. A mean decrease of relaxation time was observed for T 2 with 4.6 ms (63.6 ms) and for T 2 * with 3.6ms (65.1 ms) after running. Conclusion: A significant decrease could be observed in all cartilage segments for both biomarkers. Both quantitative techniques, T 2 and T 2 *, seem to be valuable parameters in the evaluation of immediate changes in the cartilage ultrastructure after running. Advances in knowledge: This is the first direct comparison of immediate changes in T 2 and T 2 * relaxation times after running in healthy adults.

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“…Using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) -a reliable in vivo method for noninvasive morphological and qualitative assessment of knee cartilage [16][17][18][19][20] -specific volume and thickness (height: Ht) measurement methods with high levels of precision and reproducibility [21][22][23][24][25], as well as post-race T1rho-and T2-relaxation time mapping, have been performed to quantify structure and composition changes in hyaline cartilage on short (5 km) up to long-distance running (marathon) [26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35]. Both mapping techniques are sensitive to collagen fiber content and network, and to a lesser extent to proteoglycan (PG) changes, showing a high negative correlation with their chondral concentration [36,37], with T2-measurements additionally sensitive to changes of intrachrondral free water content [38].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Femoropatellar Joint Reaction Detected During a 4486 KM Ultramarathon with Mobile MRI

et al. 2020

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Almost nothing is known about the condition of the knee joints of multistage ultra-marathon (MSUM) runner. This is first image-based investigation of the femoropatellar joint (FPJ) using a mobile 1.5T MRI accompanying the MSUM TransEurope Foot-Race (TEFR) 64 stages over 4486 km. Twenty-two (20 male) subjects got a knee MRI-protocol at defined measurement intervals during TEFR: T2*-mapping (FLASH T2*-GRE), TIRM, and fat saturated PD -sequence. In the FPJ 12 different regions were evaluated regarding cartilage T2* and thickness changes and cartilage lesions in course of TEFR and a test on possible compounding factors (running burden, BMI, age) was done if being appropriate. No significant changes in cartilage thickness- and T2*-values were found during TEFR. In 8 runners, at least one single cartilage lesion (Grade 2–3) was found at baseline, but no significant race-related adjacent T2*-changes or progress of the defects could be detected. Analyses on compounding factors were negative. In knees with MPP (5) significantly lower adjacent T2*-values were found. The extreme running burden of a MSUM seems not to have a relevant negative influence on the FPJ tissues, even if cartilage lesions are present.

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Comparison of MRI T2 Relaxation Changes of Knee Articular Cartilage before and after Running between Young and Old Amateur Athletes

Cited by 26 publications

References 22 publications

Cartilage recovery in runners with and without knee osteoarthritis: A pilot study

Cartilage recovery in runners with and without knee osteoarthritis: A pilot study

The immediate effect of long-distance running onT₂andT₂* relaxation times of articular cartilage of the knee in young healthy adults at 3.0 T MR imaging

Femoropatellar Joint Reaction Detected During a 4486 KM Ultramarathon with Mobile MRI

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Comparison of MRI T2 Relaxation Changes of Knee Articular Cartilage before and after Running between Young and Old Amateur Athletes

Cited by 26 publications

References 22 publications

Cartilage recovery in runners with and without knee osteoarthritis: A pilot study

Cartilage recovery in runners with and without knee osteoarthritis: A pilot study

The immediate effect of long-distance running onT2andT2* relaxation times of articular cartilage of the knee in young healthy adults at 3.0 T MR imaging

Femoropatellar Joint Reaction Detected During a 4486 KM Ultramarathon with Mobile MRI

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The immediate effect of long-distance running onT₂andT₂* relaxation times of articular cartilage of the knee in young healthy adults at 3.0 T MR imaging